实现自我的历程-《我们的祖先》三部曲主题分析
发布时间：2018-09-08 06:38
【摘要】：伊塔洛·卡尔维诺是享有国际声誉的意大利当代作家。卡尔维诺创作于20世纪50年代的三部小说《分成两半的子爵》(1951)、《树上的男爵》(1957)和《不存在的骑士》(1959),在1960年合编为《我们的祖先》出版。这三部小说的主人公和故事背景不同,《不存在的骑士》的主人公阿季卢尔福是查理大帝麾下的一名骑士,没有肉体,只是一具洁白无瑕的盔甲,凭借意志生存下去；《分成两半的子爵》的主人公梅达尔多子爵在17世纪末期奥地利-土耳其战争中被炮火纵向劈为左右两半,一半作恶多端,一半行善好施；《树上的男爵》的主人公柯希莫生活在启蒙运动时期,12岁时因反抗父亲的专制和荒谬而爬到树上,至死没有返回大地。这三部小说富有童话色彩,隐喻了现代人的生存处境。 本文在文本细读基础上结合美国人本主义哲学家、精神分析心理学家E.弗罗姆及俄罗斯思想家别尔嘉耶夫等人对自由的论述来解读《我们的祖先》三部曲三个主人公的生存处境,认为：不存在的骑士为了生存而逃避自由丧失自我,隐喻了现代社会中的“机构人”；梅达尔多子爵的一半用作恶来反抗社会,他在作恶的同时踏上自由之路,另一半则行善好施对恶负责,分成两半的子爵隐喻了个性分裂的现代人；树上的男爵他抵抗家庭和社会的专制,在不断为众人谋利益和投身于时代运动中实现了自我价值,隐喻了现代社会中充分完成自我的人。从《不存在的骑士》到《分成两半的子爵》再到《树上的男爵》,体现了个体的人从被奴役过渡到自由、从不完整过渡到完整、从没个性过渡到有个性的实现自我历程。然而,柯希莫并不是一个理想的实现个性完整的人,对于个性完整的追求依然没有结束。《我们的祖先》三部曲在探讨人性如何实现完整的同时引发人们对一个人该怎样生活在世界上的思索,这是《我们的祖先》三部曲给予我们的精神财富。
[Abstract]:Italo Calvino is a contemporary Italian writer with an international reputation. Calvino's three novels, Viscount in two (1951), Baron on the Tree (1957), and Rider of the nonexistent (1959), were published in 1960 as our ancestors. The protagonists of these three novels are different from the background of the story. Adilulfou, the protagonist of the Cavaliers without existence, is a knight under the command of Charles the Great, who has no body, but only a pure white armor to survive on his will; Baron Medard, the protagonist of the Viscount in two halves, was split in the middle of the Austrian-Turkish War in the late 17th century into two halves of left and right, half doing evil and half doing good; The protagonist of Baron on the Tree Koshmo lived in the Enlightenment when he was 12 years old and climbed to the tree against his father's despotism and absurdity until he died and did not return to the earth. These three novels are full of fairy tales and metaphor for the living situation of modern people. This paper combines the American humanist philosopher and psychoanalytic psychologist Ehrlich on the basis of close reading of the text. From and the Russian thinker Bergayev and others discussed freedom to interpret the survival situation of the three protagonists in the trilogy "our ancestors", arguing that the non-existent knights escape freedom and lose themselves in order to survive. A metaphor for the "institutional man" of modern society; half of Viscount Medard used evil to fight against society, and while he was doing evil, he set foot on the road of freedom, and the other half was responsible for evil by doing good and doing good. The dichotomous viscount is a metaphor for the modern man with a split personality; the baron on the tree, who resists the tyranny of the family and society, realizes his self-worth in the constant pursuit of the interests of all and in the movement of the times. Metaphorical modern society in the full completion of the self-person. From "the Knight who does not exist" to "the Viscount in two halves" to "Baron on the Tree", it reflects the individual's transition from enslavement to freedom, from incomplete to complete, from personality to self-realization. However, Koshimo is not an ideal person to achieve the integrity of his personality. The quest for integrity is still not over. The Trilogy explores how human nature is complete and raises questions about how one should live in the world. This is the spiritual wealth given to us by the Trilogy of our ancestors.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I546.074
本文编号：2229672
[Abstract]:Italo Calvino is a contemporary Italian writer with an international reputation. Calvino's three novels, Viscount in two (1951), Baron on the Tree (1957), and Rider of the nonexistent (1959), were published in 1960 as our ancestors. The protagonists of these three novels are different from the background of the story. Adilulfou, the protagonist of the Cavaliers without existence, is a knight under the command of Charles the Great, who has no body, but only a pure white armor to survive on his will; Baron Medard, the protagonist of the Viscount in two halves, was split in the middle of the Austrian-Turkish War in the late 17th century into two halves of left and right, half doing evil and half doing good; The protagonist of Baron on the Tree Koshmo lived in the Enlightenment when he was 12 years old and climbed to the tree against his father's despotism and absurdity until he died and did not return to the earth. These three novels are full of fairy tales and metaphor for the living situation of modern people. This paper combines the American humanist philosopher and psychoanalytic psychologist Ehrlich on the basis of close reading of the text. From and the Russian thinker Bergayev and others discussed freedom to interpret the survival situation of the three protagonists in the trilogy "our ancestors", arguing that the non-existent knights escape freedom and lose themselves in order to survive. A metaphor for the "institutional man" of modern society; half of Viscount Medard used evil to fight against society, and while he was doing evil, he set foot on the road of freedom, and the other half was responsible for evil by doing good and doing good. The dichotomous viscount is a metaphor for the modern man with a split personality; the baron on the tree, who resists the tyranny of the family and society, realizes his self-worth in the constant pursuit of the interests of all and in the movement of the times. Metaphorical modern society in the full completion of the self-person. From "the Knight who does not exist" to "the Viscount in two halves" to "Baron on the Tree", it reflects the individual's transition from enslavement to freedom, from incomplete to complete, from personality to self-realization. However, Koshimo is not an ideal person to achieve the integrity of his personality. The quest for integrity is still not over. The Trilogy explores how human nature is complete and raises questions about how one should live in the world. This is the spiritual wealth given to us by the Trilogy of our ancestors.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I546.074
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