《在路上》中的存在主义思想解析
发布时间：2018-11-22 13:37
【摘要】：《在路上》被誉为杰克.凯鲁亚克的经典之作,其不仅是垮掉派运动及文学的灵魂,而且是本世纪最重要的小说之一。《在路上》中的叙述者萨尔和他的朋友们几次穿越美国大陆,表现了他们对自由精神的不断探索,反映了垮掉派对寻求自我实现的精神的追求。他们居无定所,流浪在路上,对现实的荒谬及个人存在的实现指出更加积极的方向,昭示着一种自由自在的、真实坦率的新生活,对美国的生活方式有着不可磨灭的影响。 本论文以萨特的存在先于本质、自由与责任等存在主义理论及海德格尔的世界是荒谬的理论对《在路上》的文本进行存在主义的分析。本文阐述了小说主人公萨尔及迪恩意识到生活在荒谬世界,进而逃避世界,最终寻找到自我,对自我进行拯救的过程。 本文分为四个部分：第一章首先介绍了作者凯鲁亚克及其作品,分析了《在路上》文本写作的背景及内容,对国内外凯鲁亚克的研究进行了综述。 第二章介绍了本论文涉及到的萨特及海德格尔的存在主义观点。具体观点为：萨特存在主义理论：存在先于本质,他人是地狱,绝对自由与绝对责任。海德格尔的在荒谬的世界中人所产生的“烦人”与“烦神”的思想。 第三章应用海德格尔“烦”的思想分析了文中主人公萨尔与迪恩对荒谬的世界的反应。论述了在路上主人公感受到的焦虑,具体表现为对世界的焦虑及对死亡的焦虑。产生焦虑是逃避世界的出发点,由此他们走上了逃避的道路。应用萨特的自由选择的观点来分析小说主人公各自走向自己自由选择的道路。迪恩开始逃避荒谬的世界,在寻求自由的过程中通过性爱来逃离,最终追寻自我。萨尔在路上不断的追寻,他在追寻身份认同,追寻超越,追寻自我的拯救。小说主人公最终选择承担责任来实现自我,他们以垮掉派的反叛的逃避、执着的追求的态度来对世界产生影响,最终来承担自我及世界的责任。 通过以上分析,本论文得出的结论是《在路上》的主人公通过认识到世界的荒谬性而产生焦虑,进而逃避世界,逃离自我,最终通过承担责任来实现真正的存在。
[Abstract]:On the Road is known as Jack. Kerouac's classic, not only the soul of the crumbling movement and literature, but also one of the most important novels of the century. Sal, the narrator of "on the Road," and his friends traveled several times across the United States. It reflects their constant exploration of the spirit of freedom and the pursuit of the spirit of self-realization of the Breakdown Party. They live in no fixed place, wander on the road, point out a more positive direction to the reality of absurdity and the realization of personal existence, show a free, true and frank new life, and have an indelible influence on the American way of life. Based on Sartre's existentialism theory, freedom and responsibility, and Heidegger's theory that the world is absurd, this thesis analyzes the text of "on the Road" by existentialism. This paper expounds the process of the protagonists Sal and Dean realize that they live in the absurd world and then escape the world and finally find themselves and save themselves. This paper is divided into four parts: the first chapter introduces the author Kerouac and his works, analyzes the background and content of the text writing on the Road, and summarizes the research of Kerouac at home and abroad. Chapter two introduces the existentialism of Sartre and Heidegger. The concrete point of view is: Sartre existentialism: existence precedes nature, others are hell, absolute freedom and absolute responsibility. Heidegger's idea of "annoying" and "annoying" produced by man in the absurd world. Chapter three uses Heidegger's idea of annoyance to analyze the reaction of Sal and Dean to the absurd world. This paper discusses the anxiety of the protagonist on the road, which is manifested in the anxiety of the world and the anxiety of death. Anxiety is the starting point for escaping the world, and they are on the path to escape. This paper applies Sartre's viewpoint of free choice to analyze the way that the protagonists of the novel go to their own free choice. Dean began to escape the absurd world, to escape through sex in the quest for freedom, and eventually to pursue himself. Sal is searching for identity, transcendence and self-salvation. The protagonists of the novel choose to bear the responsibility to realize themselves. They exert influence on the world and bear the responsibility of themselves and the world in the end. Through the above analysis, the conclusion of this paper is that the protagonist on the Road produces anxiety by recognizing the absurdity of the world, and then escapes the world, escapes himself, and finally realizes the real existence by taking responsibility.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2349526
[Abstract]:On the Road is known as Jack. Kerouac's classic, not only the soul of the crumbling movement and literature, but also one of the most important novels of the century. Sal, the narrator of "on the Road," and his friends traveled several times across the United States. It reflects their constant exploration of the spirit of freedom and the pursuit of the spirit of self-realization of the Breakdown Party. They live in no fixed place, wander on the road, point out a more positive direction to the reality of absurdity and the realization of personal existence, show a free, true and frank new life, and have an indelible influence on the American way of life. Based on Sartre's existentialism theory, freedom and responsibility, and Heidegger's theory that the world is absurd, this thesis analyzes the text of "on the Road" by existentialism. This paper expounds the process of the protagonists Sal and Dean realize that they live in the absurd world and then escape the world and finally find themselves and save themselves. This paper is divided into four parts: the first chapter introduces the author Kerouac and his works, analyzes the background and content of the text writing on the Road, and summarizes the research of Kerouac at home and abroad. Chapter two introduces the existentialism of Sartre and Heidegger. The concrete point of view is: Sartre existentialism: existence precedes nature, others are hell, absolute freedom and absolute responsibility. Heidegger's idea of "annoying" and "annoying" produced by man in the absurd world. Chapter three uses Heidegger's idea of annoyance to analyze the reaction of Sal and Dean to the absurd world. This paper discusses the anxiety of the protagonist on the road, which is manifested in the anxiety of the world and the anxiety of death. Anxiety is the starting point for escaping the world, and they are on the path to escape. This paper applies Sartre's viewpoint of free choice to analyze the way that the protagonists of the novel go to their own free choice. Dean began to escape the absurd world, to escape through sex in the quest for freedom, and eventually to pursue himself. Sal is searching for identity, transcendence and self-salvation. The protagonists of the novel choose to bear the responsibility to realize themselves. They exert influence on the world and bear the responsibility of themselves and the world in the end. Through the above analysis, the conclusion of this paper is that the protagonist on the Road produces anxiety by recognizing the absurdity of the world, and then escapes the world, escapes himself, and finally realizes the real existence by taking responsibility.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074
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