“陌生化”理论及其文艺学意义

发布时间：2018-03-23 20:30

本文选题：陌生化　切入点：理论　出处：《西北大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：“陌生化”是俄国形式主义的核心概念，是“形式主义方法”的原则。1916年，什克洛夫斯基提出了“陌生化”理论，力求用它作为概括复杂的感受和表现现象的方法。在形式主义看来，艺术的过程，，就是事物“陌生化”的过程，就是设法增加感受的难度，从而延长感受时间。同时，艺术的创作过程和鉴赏过程也就成了“结构”和“解构”、“加密”和“解密”的过程。 “陌生化”理论的提出，虽然是上个世纪初的事，但是对“陌生化”的体验和艺术实践绝非某一时代或某一民族所独有，而是古今中外文艺实践活动中最普遍的特征。“陌生化”作为一条有着坚固而广泛心理学基础的普遍原则，被艺术家自觉不自觉地体现在艺术创造的各个不同维度和方向，并充斥于作品的各个层面。正如什克洛夫斯基所说：“凡有形象的地方，就有‘陌生化’”。今天，有人把“Make it new”视为世界范围内现代派的突出特征，而把“Make it strange”当成后现代派的突出特征。事实上，这些都被作为基本特征，涵盖在“陌生化”的范畴之内。“陌生化”理论成了西方诸多文艺理论的源头。结构主义、解构主义、符号现象学、接受美学和接受理论等，都从这里找到了自己的理论根据。 “陌生化”的确是文艺乃至整个文化发生发展的普遍规律之一，“变形”是艺术的“铁律”，也是艺术发展演变的根本动力。认识并掌握这一创造的基本原则，对于我们更自觉、更主动地投入到文艺实践活动中去，以及对于建构一个动态、开放、立体的现代文艺理论体系，都有着深远而巨大的现实意义。
[Abstract]:"defamiliarization" is the core concept of Russian formalism and the principle of formalism. In 1916, Shklovsky put forward the theory of "defamiliarization". Try to use it as a way to generalize complex feelings and manifestations. According to formalism, the process of art is the process of "defamiliarization" of things. It is trying to increase the difficulty of feeling and thus prolong the time of feeling. At the same time, The process of artistic creation and appreciation becomes the process of "structure" and "deconstruction", "encryption" and "decryption". Although the theory of "strangeness" was put forward at the beginning of the last century, the experience and artistic practice of "defamiliarization" were not unique to any particular era or nation. "defamiliarization", as a universal principle with a strong and extensive psychological foundation, is consciously and unconsciously embodied by artists in different dimensions and directions of artistic creation. As Shklovsky put it, "wherever there is an image, there is defamiliarization." Today, some people regard "Make it new" as a prominent feature of modernism around the world, and "Make it strange" as a prominent feature of post-modernism. The theory of "defamiliarization" has become the source of many literary and artistic theories in the West. Structuralism, deconstruction, phenomenology of symbols, reception aesthetics and reception theory have all found their own theoretical basis from here. "defamiliarization" is indeed one of the universal laws of the occurrence and development of literature and art and even the whole culture. "deformation" is not only the "iron law" of art, but also the fundamental motive force for the evolution of art. Understanding and mastering this basic principle of creation is more conscious for us. It is of great practical significance to put more initiative into the practice of literature and art, and to construct a dynamic, open and three-dimensional modern literary theory system.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：I0

【引证文献】