王国维“境界说”的艺术本体阐释

发布时间：2018-06-28 10:48

本文选题：境界 + 艺术本体　；参考：《四川师范大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】： 王国维是我国近代著名学者，他以“中西化合”的治学思想来研究中西文化，“境界说”是他“中西化合”的一个实例。他以康德、叔本华美学思想来解读中国传统的“境界”这一美学范畴，使“境界”这一范畴在西方美学的解读下更显示出它内在的、不可磨灭的光芒。王国维的“境界说”有它自身的理论体系与内涵，它涉及到审美心理、审美理想与价值、审美创作、风格与人格、文体的兴衰变迁等诸多方面，本文仅就“境界”作为艺术本体而展开，并以“象”与“意”的结构来解释“境界”的内涵。艺术本体有自身发展的几个历史形态，这在中西方是不同的。“境界”作为艺术本体，它与西方的艺术本体有着不同，它是对中国传统艺术本体的延续，是中国美学思想的结晶。“境界说”显示了“境界”作为艺术本体对艺术的多方面的规定性。本体即事物存在的本源和终极价值，艺术本体是艺术存在的本源和终极价值。“境界”正因为显示了艺术存在的根源和终极价值而成为艺术本体。通过对艺术与理念、第一形式与第二形式、真景物与真感情、隔与不隔、常人的境界与诗人的境界等一系列关系的论述，王国维揭示了“境界”作为艺术本体的全部规定性。艺术以“境界”为本，它是第一形式与第二形式的完美融合；是以有限的个象表现无限的象征体；是能直观的真切之物；它为诗人的超脱而设，也为常人的悲欢离合而设；它通达生命的幽微之境，它以“欧穆亚”的精神关注宇宙与人生，这就是艺术的本源和终极价值所在。“境界”作为艺术本体，避免了以艺术的某一维来规定艺术的单向性，它没有厚此薄彼后厚彼薄此，艺术的多方面的因素在构成“境界”时，圆融地协调在一起。“境界”的形成是调动艺术各种因素的结果，是获得艺术最高审美价值的标志。这标准不是一个单向的标准，也不是可以用一个明确的中心词来衡量的标准，，它是一个合成的状态，对它的把握只能以审美体验的方式去判断。王国维以艺术来达到对生命本体的追寻，以艺术能体现出生命本体所在为第一义，因而，“境界”是艺术本体，也是生命本体，“境界”中体现出对生命与艺术的最高审美理想的追求。“境界”是艺术的最高审美理想，也是生命的最高审美理想，这就说明了艺术与生命都不是某个中心词可以规定了的，艺术与生命都在自由体验中去完全展现自身的各种存在方式，展现其独一无二的自家“境界”。“艺术境界”与“生命境界”具有同一性。“诗意的栖居”正是“艺术境界”在“生命境界”中的存在，“艺术境界”是“生命境界”的艺术表现。艺术以它独有的方式存在，它与“生命境界”具有同一性，同时，它又具有独立性。
[Abstract]:Wang Guowei is a famous modern Chinese scholar. He studied Chinese and Western culture with the thought of "combination of Western and Western". "State theory" is an example of his "combination of Chinese and Western". He interprets the aesthetic category of Chinese traditional "realm" with Kant and Schopenhauer's aesthetic ideas, and makes the category of "realm" under the interpretation of western aesthetics. It shows its inner and indelible light. Wang Guowei's "Realm Theory" has its own theoretical system and connotation. It involves aesthetic psychology, aesthetic ideals and values, aesthetic creation, style and personality, and the vicissitudes of style. This article only begins with the "boundary" as an art noumenon, with "image" and "meaning". "The realm" is different from the western art noumenon, which is the continuation of the traditional Chinese art noumenon and the crystallization of the Chinese aesthetic thought. The "Realm Theory" shows the "realm". "The ontology is the origin and ultimate value of the existence of things. The noumenon is the origin and ultimate value of the existence of art." realm "is the art noumenon because it shows the root and ultimate value of the existence of art. Through the art and concept, the first form and the second form, true The discussion of a series of relations between the scene and the true feelings, the isolation and the state and the realm of the poet, Wang Guowei reveals that the "realm" is the full regulation of the art noumenon. Art is based on the "realm", it is the perfect fusion of the first form and the second form; it is an infinite symbol and can be intuitionistic. It is the true and true of the poet; it is set up for the poet's transcend, and it is set for the joy and joy of the ordinary people; it is the source and ultimate value of art in the spirit of the spirit of "O Mu Ya", which is the origin and ultimate value of art. It is not so thick and thin. The various factors of art blend together in a "state".
The result of various factors is the symbol of the highest aesthetic value of art. This standard is not a one-way.
Standard is not a standard that can be measured by a clear central word. It is a synthetic state.
The grasp of it can only be judged by aesthetic experience. Wang Guowei achieves the essence of life by art.
In pursuit of art, the essence of life can be embodied as the first meaning. Therefore, "realm" is the noumenon of art.
It is also the essence of life. "Realm" embodies the pursuit of the highest aesthetic ideal of life and art.
The "boundary" is the highest aesthetic ideal of art and the highest aesthetic ideal of life, which illustrates art and life.
Life is not defined by a central word. Art and life are fully displayed in the free experience.
Various ways of existence reveal their unique "realm". "Artistic realm" and "life".
There is identity in the realm. "Poetic dwelling" is the existence of "artistic realm" in "the realm of life".
In the "artistic realm" is the artistic expression of "the realm of life". Art exists in its unique way.
It is identical with the realm of life, and at the same time, it is independent.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：J0

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