关联理论视域下《呐喊》中文化负载词的英译

发布时间：2018-11-12 09:04

【摘要】：随着各国政治经济交流的不断加深，文化的交流也越来越受到重视。作为一种重要的跨文化交流方式，翻译的研究已经超出了语言的分析和文本的对比，翻译中的文化因素越来越受到关注。由于文化负载词反映了中国的特色文化和悠久的历史，因此成为其它国家了解中国文化的重要载体，准确地传递源语文化负载词的内涵能更好地推动跨文化交流的发展。关联理论由Sperber和Wilson于1986年提出。作为一种描述人类交际和认知的语用学理论，起初并非因翻译而提出，但却为翻译研究提出了新视角。关联理论认为，翻译是动态的明示--推理过程，其目的是在原文与译文之间获得最佳关联--译文读者以最小的处理努力得到最大的语境效果，，从而使交流能够顺利进行。《呐喊》自问世以来赢得了广泛的关注，书中大量的文化负载词构成了其小说的一大特色。由于中西方文化背景的差异，源语的某些词汇在目的语中找不到完全对应的表达，这将阻碍各国之间文化的交流，因此，如何忠实地传递源语中的文化内涵变得尤为重要。本文在关联理论的框架下研究《呐喊》中文化负载词的翻译，并以最佳关联为指导，探讨分析了翻译这类词汇的基本方法。在分析《呐喊》英译本的同时，分析译者是如何跨越文化障碍，补偿文化缺省。最后，笔者提出了翻译这类词语的一个普遍标准：即译者应该考虑不同的文化背景和认知环境下译文读者的认知能力，在具体的语境中选择最易于获得最佳关联的翻译方法，从而使作者的交际意图达到译文读者的期望。针对《呐喊》中的文化负载词，译者必须找到合适的翻译方法来补偿文化缺省，跨越文化障碍，实现跨文化交流。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of political and economic exchanges between countries, cultural exchanges have been paid more and more attention. As an important way of cross-cultural communication, the study of translation has gone beyond linguistic analysis and text contrast, and cultural factors in translation have attracted more and more attention. Because culture-loaded words reflect Chinese characteristic culture and have a long history, they have become an important carrier for other countries to understand Chinese culture, and accurately transmitting the connotations of culture-loaded words in source language can better promote the development of cross-cultural communication. Relevance theory was proposed by Sperber and Wilson in 1986. As a pragmatic theory describing human communication and cognition, it was not put forward at first because of translation, but it provided a new perspective for translation studies. Relevance theory holds that translation is a dynamic ostensive-inferential process with the aim of obtaining the best relevance between the source text and the target text, where the target reader achieves the maximum contextual effect with minimal processing effort. So that communication can be carried on smoothly. Cry has won wide attention since it came out. A large number of culture-loaded words in the book constitute a major feature of his novel. Due to the cultural background difference between China and the West, some words in the source language can not find a complete corresponding expression in the target language, which will hinder the cultural exchange between countries. Therefore, how to faithfully transfer the cultural connotations of the source language has become particularly important. This paper studies the translation of culture-loaded words under the framework of relevance theory and discusses the basic methods of translating such words under the guidance of optimal relevance. At the same time, the author analyzes how the translator overcomes cultural barriers and compensates for cultural default. Finally, the author puts forward a general criterion for translating such words: the translator should consider the cognitive ability of the target readers in different cultural backgrounds and cognitive contexts, and choose the most suitable translation method to obtain the best relevance in the specific context. So that the author's communicative intention can meet the target readers' expectations. In view of the culture-loaded words in "cry out", the translator must find a suitable translation method to compensate the cultural default, cross the cultural barrier and realize cross-cultural communication.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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