中高级阶段泰国学生汉语近义词习得偏误分析

发布时间：2018-03-07 08:29

本文选题：泰国学生　切入点：汉语近义词　出处：《广西民族大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在汉语作为第二语言学习者的词汇习得过程中,往往发生词语之间的误用现象。汉语中尤为丰富的近义词是泰国汉语学习者的难点之一,尤其是中、高级水平的学习者,随着词汇量的逐渐增加,近义词方面的偏误也越来越多,使得句子表达不得体或词不达意,直接影响到学生的口语和写作表达。本文初步研究利用归纳法,通过收集到的汉语中级阶段的泰国大学生的书面语语料,选取其中出现的汉语近义词偏误,进行归纳整理并阐述其偏误。从语料中可以发现,泰国学生近义词偏误分布在语义、句法、语用三个平面,根据学生使用近义词的情况,我们最后得出29组近义词作为目标词。实验研究利用问卷调查法,考察111名中级和高级两个阶段的泰国学生使用汉语近义词的情况。利用统计法和计算机软件(Microsoft Excel)对收集到的数据进行统计处理,得出的结果发现在近义词的构成形式上,中高级阶段泰国学生学习同素近义词(包括同素词和逆素词)均难于学习异素近义词；此外,我们还发现逆素词偏误持续时间比较长。对于近义词的三个平面,从总体上看,随着泰国学生汉语水平的不断提高,泰国学生对三个平面的近义词掌握情况越来越好；从各平面上看,中高级两个阶段的偏误率最高都是在句法平面,其次是语义平面,偏误率最低是语用平面。在第四章中,我们还通过近义词辨析(语内对比)和汉泰对比分析(语际对比)对29组汉语近义词与其泰语对应词进行深入探讨产生偏误的成因。最后,提出一些改进对泰汉语近义词教学方法的对策及学习策略。
[Abstract]:In the process of vocabulary acquisition of Chinese as a second language learner, the misuse of words often occurs. The most abundant synonyms in Chinese is one of the difficulties for Thai Chinese learners, especially for middle and advanced level learners. With the increase of vocabulary, there are more and more errors in the synonyms, which make the sentences express inappropriately or the words don't have a good meaning, which have a direct impact on the students' oral and writing expressions. Through collecting the written language data of Thai college students in the intermediate stage of Chinese, selecting the errors of the Chinese synonyms, the errors are summarized and explained. From the data, we can find that the errors of the Thai students' near synonyms are distributed in the semantics. According to the students' use of synonyms, we finally get 29 groups of synonyms as target words. The experiment used questionnaire to investigate 111 Thai students in middle and advanced stages using Chinese synonyms. The statistical method and computer software Microsoft Excel were used to process the collected data. The results show that in the form of synonyms, it is difficult for Thai students at middle and advanced stage to learn synonyms (including synonyms and converse words). For the three planes of synonyms, as a whole, with the improvement of Thai students' Chinese level, Thai students' mastery of the synonyms in the three planes is getting better and better. From each plane, the highest error rate of the two stages is in the syntactic level, followed by the semantic plane, and the lowest error rate is the pragmatic plane. We also discuss the causes of errors in 29 groups of Chinese synonyms and their Thai equivalents through the analysis of synonyms (intra-lingual contrast) and Chinese-Thai contrastive analysis (inter-lingual comparison). Finally, we discuss the causes of errors in 29 groups of Chinese synonyms and their Thai equivalents. This paper puts forward some countermeasures and learning strategies to improve the teaching methods of synonyms in Thai Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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