《当代汉语词典》华语词选收研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 14:07

本文选题：华语词　切入点：收词原则　出处：《鲁东大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在中国的国际地位日益提高，全球各地间交往与合作日益频繁的今天，作为汉语的重要组成部分，以港澳台地区为代表、全球范围的华人社区广泛使用的华语，所受的关注程度越来越高。与此同时，大量华语词涌入内地，它们一方面丰富了汉语的词汇，另一方面也造成了沟通上的障碍。虽然目前对单个华语社区华语词的研究屡见不鲜，也不乏对几个社区华语词的对比研究，但以各地华语词为研究对象，对其进行词典收录研究的并不多，少数存在的还是针对专门收录华语词的一些描写性质较强的词典的研究。然而，收录汉语标准语——普通话的一些起到规范作用的中型语文词典对华语词的选收研究非常缺乏。本文通过探讨《当代汉语词典》选收华语词应遵循的原则，从《全球华语词典》这一封闭语料库中选出适合收录于《当代汉语词典》的华语词。这一研究可以为其他中型语文词典的华语词选收提供参考，同时通过此研究，使华语词拥有与方言词、外来词等一般词汇平等的地位，进而展现现代汉语的全貌。毋庸置疑，这样做，对更新汉语词典的编纂理念、在全球范围内推广华语、促进各个华语社区的交流、增强全球华人的民族归属感乃至提高汉语及中国在国际上的地位有非常大的作用。在对词典收录华语词的研究现状、本研究所需要的一些词汇理论和词典编纂理论做了系统介绍之后，本文一边探讨《当代汉语词典》选收华语词应遵循的原则，一边依据原则采用计量统计法和分析描写法在《全球华语词典》中选取适合收录的华语词。考虑到港澳台地区在政治上与地缘关系上都与中国内地关系极为密切，在华语社区中具有特殊性，本文还特别明确了对这三个地区华语词选收的态度，并将其适合收录的华语词按与汉语普通话的关系进行了分类。经探讨，本研究建议记录普通话的中型语文词典在选收华语词遵循针对原则、通用原则、透明原则、典范原则、系统原则、现实原则和再生原则，并根据该原则，选择出适合收录于《当代汉语词典》的华语词共997个，其中来自港澳台三地的新生、替代、复活、更新四类华语词共143个。通过比较研究法，对本研究结果进行收词合理性的验证，虽然受研究者个人水平限制及对于材料掌握不全的制约，本研究有待进一步完善，但本研究结果仍具有科学性与可信性，所选词语可以作为《当代汉语词典》华语词选收的参考，同时对华语词选收原则的探讨对于其他具有规范性质的中型语文词典同样具有参考价值。随着华语词的地位不断提高，汉语的形式愈加丰富。借鉴英语对待英语国别变体的态度，汉语对待华语的态度也应该更加宽容，只有这样才能稳定华语的地位，增强汉语的整体实力。汉语的繁荣与兴盛是每一个汉语研究者、每一个中国人、每一个华人都希望看到的，《当代汉语词典》华语词的选收研究旨在实现这一理想的道路上迈出一小步。
[Abstract]:In China's international status is rising all over the world, among today's increasingly frequent exchanges and cooperation, as an important part of Chinese, to Hong Kong and Macao as the representative, widely used worldwide in the Chinese community in Chinese, the increasingly high degree of concern. At the same time, a large number of Chinese words into the mainland, they on the one hand enrich Chinese vocabulary, on the other hand also create barriers to communication. Although the study of individual Chinese Community Chinese words are the comparative study of It is often seen., several community Chinese words, but to the Chinese language as the research object, carries on the research of the dictionary is not much, there are a few or for some description of the nature of a strong research specially included Chinese dictionary words. However, typical medium Chinese words standard Chinese Mandarin, some play a normative role of Chinese words The selection of very lack. This paper discusses "the contemporary Chinese Dictionary > select words that should follow the principle of global Chinese Dictionary > < from the closed corpus to select for included in the" contemporary Chinese Dictionary > Chinese words. This research can be for other medium-sized Chinese Dictionary Chinese word selecting provide at the same time, through this study, the Chinese words with dialect words, foreign words and common words of equal status, and then show the picture of modern Chinese. There is no doubt that to do so, to update the Chinese dictionary compilation idea, spread all over the world Chinese language, promoting various Chinese communities, strengthen the global Chinese the national sense of belonging and improve Chinese and China position in the international arena has very big effect.
In the present research situation of the dictionary of Chinese words, after some vocabulary theory and lexicography theory needed in this research were introduced systematically, this paper discusses the contemporary Chinese Dictionary > < while selecting words should follow the principles, while according to the principle of using quantitative statistic method and analysis method to select the suitable description included in the Chinese word "global Chinese Dictionary >. Considering the Hong Kong and Macao in the political and geopolitical relations with the mainland Chinese very close relationship, is special in the Chinese community, this article also specifically chose the attitude of the three region of the Chinese word, and it is suitable for the collection of Chinese words in relation with Chinese Mandarin is classified.
After the discussion, this study suggests that the Mandarin recording medium language dictionary in selecting Chinese words according to the principle, general principle, transparency principle, model principle, system principle, practical principle and principle of regeneration, and according to the principle of choice for Contemporary Chinese dictionary included in < > Chinese words a total of 997, which came from Hong Kong and Macao three freshmen, substitution, resurrection, update four words and a total of 143.
Through the comparative study, the research results of words rationality validation, although the researchers limited personal level and the materials for the master control is not complete, this research needs further improvement, but the results of this study are scientific and credibility, the selected words can be selected for collection of reference for Contemporary Chinese Dictionary > > at the same time to explore Chinese words, Chinese word selecting principles are also available for other normal properties of medium-sized Chinese dictionary.
With the rising status of Chinese words, Chinese forms become more abundant. Learn English to English variant attitude, the attitude towards Chinese language should be more tolerant, the only way to stabilize Chinese position, enhance the overall strength and prosperity of Chinese. Chinese is a Chinese researcher, every Chinese people, every Chinese people want to see, "dictionary of contemporary Chinese language word > select research aims to achieve this ideal on the road to take a small step.

【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H164;H136

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