间接式批评的语用功能研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 21:41

本文选题：间接式批评　切入点：语用功能　出处：《渤海大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：批评是人们在日常生活中经常使用的语言现象，是批评者对对方的缺点或错误提出意见的言语行为。根据塞尔（Searle）对言语行为的分类标准可知，批评属于表达类言语行为。不同的标准可以将批评分为不同的类型，间接式批评就是其中的一种，，是根据说话人的字面意义和话语意义是否一致划分的，是相对直接式批评而言的。间接式批评是指批评者通过一定的表达手段，间接地指出对方在思想、言行上的缺点或错误的言语行为，也是言语交际的一种策略。间接式批评是具有间接性的言语行为，可以通过礼貌原则、面子理论和关联理论等方面对其生成过程进行语用角度的阐释。间接式批评具有人际功能和交际功能两种语用功能，前者包括保全面子功能和稳定听话人情绪功能，后者包括引导被批评者应答和顺应语境两方面。结合间接式批评的表达手段和语用功能，批评者通过采取一定的语用策略能够促进交际的顺利进行，进而达到交际目的。间接式批评作为具有威胁性的言语行为，说话人要考虑如何有效地传递批评信息，进而使被批评者容易接受。间接式批评的研究不仅反映了语言的复杂性，也为研究其他语言现象提供了重要借鉴，具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Criticism is a linguistic phenomenon that people often use in their daily life. It is a speech act in which critics express their opinions on each other's shortcomings or mistakes. Criticism belongs to speech act of expression. Different criteria can divide criticism into different types, one of which is indirect criticism, which is divided according to whether the speaker's literal meaning and utterance meaning are consistent or not. Indirect criticism refers to a person who, through certain means of expression, indirectly points out the shortcomings or wrong speech acts of the other side in his thoughts, words and deeds. Indirect criticism is an indirect act of speech, which can be passed through the principle of politeness. Indirect criticism has two pragmatic functions: interpersonal function and communicative function. The former includes the function of saving face and stabilizing the emotional function of the hearer. The latter includes guiding the response of the critics and adapting to the context. In combination with the means of expression and pragmatic functions of indirect criticism, critics can promote the smooth progress of communication by adopting certain pragmatic strategies. As a threatening speech act, the speaker should consider how to transmit the critical information effectively and make it easy to be accepted by the critics. The study of indirect criticism not only reflects the complexity of language, but also makes it easy to accept. It also provides an important reference for the study of other language phenomena.
【学位授予单位】：渤海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

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