最简方案下英汉儿童被动句习得研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 12:20

  本文选题：说英语儿童　切入点：说汉语儿童　出处：《长沙理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：被动句是人们日常生活交流中常用的句型之一，同样也是儿童语言使用成熟的标志之一。从生成语法的角度来看，利用最简方案理论来分析儿童早期被动句的习得情况，，有利于从语言内部更深层次地发现儿童习得被动句的发展过程以及被动句的转换生成过程；不同语言的被动句习得异同如何；随着儿童年龄增长，被动句的发展是否接近成人被动句或者完全一样等。儿童被动句习得的生成语法研究对研究儿童语言发展具有一定意义。 本课题运用调查研究法、个案纵向观察法和数理统计法对四名1-5岁儿童（说英语和说汉语儿童各两名）的被动句习得及使用情况进行研究分析。其中两名说汉语儿童MHR(01;00;20—05;04;26)和ZHZ(00;10;19—05;07;24)语料中选取38个对称观察点，对他们早期被动句使用的总体情况、始现时间和频率进行分析。对来自Brown语料库的ADA(02;03;04—05;02;12)和SAR(02;03;05—05;00;10)两名说英语儿童的语料中选取27个对称观察点，对他们早期被动句发展情况做相应研究。同时对说汉语儿童和说英语儿童的被动句发展情况进行对比研究，探讨其异同，并分析形成原因。 研究结果表明：（1）说汉语儿童被动句的习得顺序为：(NP)+VP→NP(受)+VP→(NP)+被（叫/让/给）+NP(施)+VP→NP(受)+被（叫/让/给）+NP(施)+VP→(NP)+被（叫/让/给）+VP和NP(受)+被（叫/让/给）+NP(施)+VP；（2）说汉语儿童早在一岁半左右就已习得被动句，而说英语儿童在两岁半左右才开始习得简单被动句，且习得BE型被动句要早于并多于GET型被动句；（3）两岁半至三岁半是说汉语儿童被动句习得的高峰期；而三岁半至四岁是说英语儿童被动句习得的高峰期。被动句的数量随年龄的增长而增长，高峰期后逐渐减少；（4）五岁时，儿童被动句使用数量减少，儿童更倾向于选择比较简单的主动句。儿童被动句的发展与儿童所处的年龄段、语言的复杂性、语言输入差异和输入频率等因素有关。
[Abstract]:The passive sentence is one of the common patterns of daily life in people, is also one of the children's language use maturity. From the perspective of generative grammar, using minimalist theory to analyze the acquisition of passive sentences in early childhood, is conducive to further found the children's acquisition of passive sentences in the development process and the conversion of the passive sentence the generation process from inside the language; how different language acquisition of passive voice differences; with age growth, the development of the passive sentence is close to adult or passive sentences exactly the same. Children's passive sentence acquisition Chinese law study has a certain significance to the development of children's language.
This paper using the survey method, case of longitudinal observation and statistics of the four children of 1-5 years old (English and Mandarin speaking children two) passive sentence acquisition and use of research and analysis. The two Chinese speaking children MHR (01; 00; 20 - 05; 04; 26) and ZHZ (00; 10; 19 - 05; 07; 24) in the corpus selected 38 symmetric observation points of their early passive use overall situation, carries on the analysis from the time and frequency of Brown. From the corpus of ADA (02; 03; 04 - 05; 02; 12 and 02 (SAR) 03; 05; 05; 00; 10) two English speaking children in the corpus selected 27 symmetric observation points of their early development of the passive sentence accordingly. At the same time to study Mandarin speaking children and compare study of English children's passive situation, to discuss the similarities and differences, and analyze the causes.
鐮旂┒缁撴灉琛ㄦ槑锛

本文编号：1588528