造句练习有效性的分析与考察

发布时间：2018-04-23 22:09

本文选题：造句练习 + 有效性分析　；参考：《复旦大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：造句练习作为一种语言练习形式,能够实现语言的输出,因而被广泛地运用于对外汉语教材练习编写与课堂实践教学中。但对于造句练习的实际使用效果,即造句练习的有效性问题,至今仍存在各种不同的观点与看法。本文借鉴了有效教学理论与杨翼先生(2010)提出的练习有效性的研究框架,对研究中练习的有效性进行了概念界定。结合造句练习的自身特点与训练目标,将语境理论与以“三个平面语法观”为依托的句子合格度理论作为造句练习有效性研究的两大基础理论。按控制度由高到低,研究选择了组词成句、有条件造句与无条件造句作为研究的考察对象。语料收集工作历时半年左右,收集到了约一百七十余名外国留学生的九百多条造句语料。语料既有源于课堂的口头造句,也有来自于学习者的课后书面造句,还有通过观摩真实课堂教学而收集到的造句练习。本研究从语言的正确性、典型性、复杂度与自然度四个维度对造句练习实例进行有效性的考察与分析。研究发现造句练习有效性与练习目标密切相关,此外还受到学习者语言能力、语境、练习控制性因素、目标词语／结构、练习操练方式以及使用环境等诸多因素的影响与制约。总之,造句练习是一类综合性较强的语言练习形式,其教学效果往往与语境创设有直接关系。基于对三类造句练习有效性的考察,针对练习中存在的问题与不足,提出相应的改进意见与方案,为今后造句练习的使用提供一些参考。
[Abstract]:As a form of language practice, sentence making can achieve the output of language, so it is widely used in the practice of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. However, there are still various viewpoints and opinions on the practical application effect of sentence making exercises, that is, the effectiveness of sentence making exercises. This paper draws lessons from the effective teaching theory and the framework of practice effectiveness proposed by Mr. Yang Yi (2010), and defines the concept of practice effectiveness in the study. Combined with the characteristics and training objectives of sentence making exercises, the theory of context and the theory of sentence qualification based on "three plane grammar views" are regarded as two basic theories in the study of the effectiveness of sentence making exercises. According to the degree of control from high to low, the study selected group words into sentences, conditional construction and unconditional construction as the object of study. The data collection lasted about half a year, and more than 900 sentences were collected from more than 170 foreign students. The corpus comes from oral construction in class, written sentences from learners after class, and sentence making exercises collected by observing real classroom teaching. This study investigates and analyzes the validity of sentence making examples from four dimensions of language correctness, typicality, complexity and naturalness. It is found that the effectiveness of sentence making is closely related to the goal of practice. In addition, it is influenced and restricted by the learner's language ability, context, exercise controlling factors, target words / structures, the way of practicing and practicing, as well as the use of environment. In short, sentence-making is a kind of comprehensive language practice, and its teaching effect is often directly related to context creation. Based on the investigation of the effectiveness of three kinds of sentence making exercises and aiming at the problems and shortcomings existing in the exercises, this paper puts forward the corresponding suggestions and schemes to provide some references for the use of sentence making exercises in the future.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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