汉字义符与英语词根的联系及在汉字教学中的应用

发布时间：2018-04-28 20:28

本文选题：对外汉字教学 + 形声字教学　；参考：《辽宁大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：文章首先将汉字形声字与英语单词的内部结构进行比较，得出两者之间的相似之处，即，汉字形声字的形旁与英语单词中的词根一样，承担着整个字的主要意义，形声字中的许多义符能找到与之意义相对应的英语词根。作者从这个角度探究了一种对外汉字教学的新方法——将义符与英语词根的含义相对应，先归纳再演绎的汉字教学模式，并阐明了对母语是英语的中高级学生使用这种教学方法的原因。这种汉字教学方法意在通过联系汉字义符与英语词根在意义上的相似之处，帮助学生建立识记汉字的理据性,增强学生学习兴趣并找到高效科学的汉字记忆方法；通过教师对授课汉字内容的整理达到教学顺序上的重组和科学编排，并主张在精读课初步教授汉字的同时，在专门的汉字课上使用这种教学方法。文章以具体教学案例为例阐释了这种教学方法，以高级水平的短期进修留学生为教学对象，以具体教材中的形声字为教学内容，先指出如何明确教学内容，为确定教学中的形声字设立了一定依据；进而以教学大纲为依据，将划定的形声字分为不同等级，并根据它们所属的大纲等级高低和包含的义符的出现频率依次确定其被教学和扩展演绎的先后顺序；最后，将已经确定教学顺序的形声字付诸教学实践。文章最后对这种教学方法的意义和不足进行了评价，指出其能够在巩固已学汉字的基础上，增强学生预测联想含有某义符的汉字含义的能力，，潜移默化地指导学生形成归纳总结的学习策略，并培养学生根据义符的含义区别形近字、同音字的能力。另外，也对这种教学方法需要改进、完善及值得注意之处加以批评，希望在今后的教学实践和不断深思中得以进步。
[Abstract]:This paper first compares the internal structure of Chinese phonetic characters with English words, and draws the similarities between them, that is, the shape side of Chinese phonetic characters bears the main meaning of the whole word just like the roots of English words. Many sememes in pictophonetic characters can find English roots corresponding to their meanings. From this point of view, the author explores a new method of teaching Chinese characters in foreign countries, that is, the Chinese character teaching mode, which corresponds the meaning of sememe to the meaning of English word root, and then deduces it first. The reasons for the use of this teaching method for middle-and higher-level students whose mother tongue is English are also explained. The purpose of this teaching method is to help students establish motivation of memorizing Chinese characters, enhance their interest in learning and find efficient and scientific Chinese character memorizing methods by connecting the similarities between Chinese characters sememes and English roots. Through the arrangement of the contents of the Chinese characters in the teaching by teachers, the teaching sequence and scientific arrangement are achieved, and it is advocated that this teaching method should be used in the specialized Chinese character classes while the Chinese characters are initially taught in the intensive reading class. This article takes the concrete teaching case as an example to explain this kind of teaching method, takes the advanced level short-term study student as the teaching object, takes the concrete teaching material pictograph as the teaching content, first points out how to define the teaching content. In order to determine the teaching of pictophonetic characters to establish a certain basis, and then based on the syllabus, delimited pictophonetic characters are divided into different levels, And according to the level of the syllabus they belong to and the frequency of the sememes included, the sequence of teaching and extended deduction is determined in turn. Finally, the phonetic characters which have determined the teaching order are put into teaching practice. Finally, the paper evaluates the significance and deficiency of this teaching method, and points out that it can strengthen the students' ability to predict the meaning of the Chinese character with a sememe on the basis of consolidating the learned Chinese characters. It guides the students to form the learning strategy of induction and summary, and cultivates the students' ability to distinguish the form and the homonym according to the meaning of the sememe. In addition, this teaching method needs to be improved, perfected and worthy of attention, hoping to make progress in teaching practice and thinking deeply in the future.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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