隆回方言量词研究
发布时间：2018-08-12 11:09
【摘要】：具有数量繁多的量词是汉语语法最鲜明的特征之一,目前学界对普通话量词的研究已经十分深入,但对方言量词的研究并不多见。本文以湖南隆回方言为研究对象,运用描写、比较、语义特征分析、语法化、语用学、认知语言学等相关理论对隆回方言156个量词进行了分析与研究。希望能为学术界认识和了解隆回方言量词提供语言研究材料,为汉语方言的深入研究及方言与普通话、方言与方言的比较提供一定的参考。 全文共分四大部分：第一部分是引言；第二部分是隆回方言量词系统研究；第三部分是隆回方言量词个案研究；第四部分是对第二、三部分的总结与展望。文章后附录隆回方言量词名词配合表。 在论文第二部分主要介绍了隆回方言量词的特殊语法特征。隆回方言量词与数词组成的“数量”结构可附后缀“崽[tsei~(31)]”与结构助词“哒[t(?)~(31)]”构成“量+哒[t(?)~(31)]+量”结构表示“周遍性、连续性与多量”。表达主观大量主要有两种情况：①容器量词可依靠音节来区分客观量与主观大量；②利用“量+哒[t(?)~(31)]+量”结构。表达主观小量也有两种情况：①利用“量+把”与“量+把+两+量”结构；②利用不定量词“Ur[ti(?)]”。“有+量+名+形容词”与“像+量+名”是两个与量词有关的特殊句式,前者表示比较,后者表示比拟。能进入“有+量+名+形容词”句式的形容词只有9个,即“大、高、宽、长、粗、深、厚、重、远”。此外,文中详细地描写了三组特殊的、隆回方言特有的量词。 第一组是“罢[(?)~(24]、积[t∫l~(35)]、挟[kiε~(55)]、b鋄k‘(?)~(55)]、捻[le~(35)]、挲[s(?)~(35)]、也[i(?)~(31)]、捶[d(?)y~(13)]、担[da~(35)]、抱[b(?)u24]、转[t∫yε~(35)]、到[t(?)u~(35)]、赶[ka~(31)]”。这一组量词都来源于动词,与数词、名词组成的数量名结构往往做来源动词的宾语。 第二组是“鼎[tia~(31)]、排[p‘ai~(31)]、蔸[tie~(55)]、皮[bi~(13)]、筒[dγη~(13)]、边[plI~(55)]、向[∫o~(35)]”。这组量词都来源于名词。 第三组“坯[p‘ei~(55)]、厢[∫lα~(31)]、主[dy31]、榨[ts(?)~(35)]、蒲[bu~(13)]”。这些量词是纯粹的量词。记录它们的汉字是根据各自的发音,从普通话中假借而来的。 第三部分主要研究了5个用法独特的隆回方言量词。分析了隆回方言词“坨[d(?)~(13)]”的量词特征,研究了不定量词“啪[ti(?)]”,探讨了量词“餐[ts‘a~(55)]”的语法化过程,剖析了量词“柣[t∫α~(55)]”的泛化过程,描写了量词“下[γ(?)~(24)]”的特殊用法。 结论部分对全文的研究进行了归纳总结,并对未来的研究工作提出了一些想法。
[Abstract]:With a large number of classifiers is one of the most distinctive features of Chinese grammar. At present, the study of Mandarin classifiers has been very in-depth, but the study of dialect classifiers is rare. Taking Hunan Longhui dialect as the research object, this paper analyzes 156 quantifiers of Longhui dialect by using the relevant theories of description, comparison, semantic feature analysis, grammaticalization, pragmatics and cognitive linguistics. It is hoped that it can provide language research materials for the academic circles to know and understand the quantifiers of Longhui dialect, and provide some references for the further study of Chinese dialects and the comparison between dialects and Putonghua, dialects and dialects. The full text is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction; the second part is the study of the quantifier system of Longhui dialect; the third part is the case study of the quantifier of Longhui dialect; the fourth part is the summary and prospect of the second and third parts. At the end of this paper, we give a list of quantifiers and nouns in Longhui dialect. In the second part, it introduces the special grammatical features of quantifiers in Longhui dialect. The "quantity" structure composed of quantifiers and numerals in Longhui dialect can be appended with the suffix "cub [tsei ~ (31)]" and structural auxiliary word "[t (?) ~ (31)]". There are two main cases of expressing subjective mass: 1 container quantifier can rely on syllable to distinguish objective quantity from subjective mass and use "measured [t (?) ~ (31)]" structure. There are also two situations in which: 1 uses the structure of "measure" and "measure two" to use the indefinite quantifier "Ur [ti (?)]". Quantifiable adjectives and image quantifiers are two special sentence patterns related to quantifiers. The former means comparison and the latter compares. There are only 9 adjectives that can enter the sentence of "quantifiable adjectives", that is, "big, high, wide, long, thick, deep, heavy and far". In addition, three special groups of quantifiers are described in detail. The first group is "strike [(?) ~ (24)], [t = l~ (35)], [Ki 蔚 ~ (55)] B / K'~ (?) ~ (55), [le35], [s (?) ~ (35)], [I (?) ~ (31)], [d (?) y~ (13)], [da~ (35)], [b (?) U24], [t 鈮，
本文编号：2178868
[Abstract]:With a large number of classifiers is one of the most distinctive features of Chinese grammar. At present, the study of Mandarin classifiers has been very in-depth, but the study of dialect classifiers is rare. Taking Hunan Longhui dialect as the research object, this paper analyzes 156 quantifiers of Longhui dialect by using the relevant theories of description, comparison, semantic feature analysis, grammaticalization, pragmatics and cognitive linguistics. It is hoped that it can provide language research materials for the academic circles to know and understand the quantifiers of Longhui dialect, and provide some references for the further study of Chinese dialects and the comparison between dialects and Putonghua, dialects and dialects. The full text is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction; the second part is the study of the quantifier system of Longhui dialect; the third part is the case study of the quantifier of Longhui dialect; the fourth part is the summary and prospect of the second and third parts. At the end of this paper, we give a list of quantifiers and nouns in Longhui dialect. In the second part, it introduces the special grammatical features of quantifiers in Longhui dialect. The "quantity" structure composed of quantifiers and numerals in Longhui dialect can be appended with the suffix "cub [tsei ~ (31)]" and structural auxiliary word "[t (?) ~ (31)]". There are two main cases of expressing subjective mass: 1 container quantifier can rely on syllable to distinguish objective quantity from subjective mass and use "measured [t (?) ~ (31)]" structure. There are also two situations in which: 1 uses the structure of "measure" and "measure two" to use the indefinite quantifier "Ur [ti (?)]". Quantifiable adjectives and image quantifiers are two special sentence patterns related to quantifiers. The former means comparison and the latter compares. There are only 9 adjectives that can enter the sentence of "quantifiable adjectives", that is, "big, high, wide, long, thick, deep, heavy and far". In addition, three special groups of quantifiers are described in detail. The first group is "strike [(?) ~ (24)], [t = l~ (35)], [Ki 蔚 ~ (55)] B / K'~ (?) ~ (55), [le35], [s (?) ~ (35)], [I (?) ~ (31)], [d (?) y~ (13)], [da~ (35)], [b (?) U24], [t 鈮，
本文编号：2178868
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