《老乞大》四版本常用词更替研究
发布时间：2018-08-22 15:17
【摘要】：《老乞大》是近代汉语研究资料中会话体著作的杰出代表，也是朝鲜时代汉语官话教科书的典型代表，现存世有5个版本。对《老乞大》常用词的更替研究可以为专书词汇研究以及近代汉语词汇研究提供一些参考和语料。本文主要选用李泰洙《〈老乞大〉四种版本语言研究》一书中后附的616句《〈老乞大〉四种版本句节对照》作为研究语料，采用李宗江和周荐二人关于常用词的判定方式，即用频次划分常用词来对语料进行选择，选取并分析了四个版本中间出现频次较高的几组名词、动词、副词、形容词，将它们和北大语料库从唐至民国时期词语的发展情况做了对比。研究发现，促使《老乞大》四版本中常用词发生变化的原因主要是受词汇系统的内部自身发展因素影响，表现为：1.表义明确需求驱动词义的分化和词语更新，它们可以导致同一个语义场词语的分工和新旧词语的更替；2.词义的虚化带来虚词功能专职化，并带来新旧词语的更替；3.词语竞争分工导致词语的更替；另外常用词的更替也受语言系统外部因素的影响，表现为：1.汉字认知心理的类型化对词汇发展有影响；2.政权更替等社会因素影响词语更替；3.经济因素可影响词语更替；4.文化教育因素也可影响词语更替；5.语言接触可致词语更替。总的来说，四版本常用词的更替是内因外因共同作用的结果。通过对四个版本语料与北大语料库相关词语的频次统计比对研究，，发现了大型语料库和这四个版本语料的统计数据受数据库容量及内容问题产生的不完全匹配的现象。
[Abstract]:Laoqida is an outstanding representative of conversational works in modern Chinese research materials and a typical representative of Chinese Mandarin textbooks in Korean era. There are five versions in the existing world. The study on the replacement of common words in Laoqida can provide some references and materials for the study of the vocabulary of specialized books and the study of vocabulary of modern Chinese. This paper mainly selects 616 sentences < Laoqida > four versions of sentence section contrast attached to Li Taizhu's four versions of "Lao Qida" as the research corpus, and adopts Li Zongjiang and Zhou Jian's judgment methods about common words. That is to say, the frequency division of common words is used to select the corpus, and several groups of nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives, which appear frequently among the four versions are selected and analyzed. They are compared with the development of words in Peking University corpus from Tang to the Republic of China. It is found that the main reason for the change of the common words in the fourth edition of Laoqida is that it is mainly influenced by the internal development of the lexical system, which is manifested as "1: 1". Explicit semantic needs drive word meaning differentiation and word renewal, which can lead to the division of words in the same semantic field and the replacement of new and old words. The vacuity of word meaning brings about the function of function and the replacement of old and new words. The competition of words leads to the change of words, and the change of common words is also influenced by the external factors of language system, as follows: 1. The type of cognitive psychology of Chinese characters has an effect on the development of vocabulary. Social factors such as regime change affect word turnover. Economic factors may affect word turnover. Cultural and educational factors can also affect the change of words. Language contact can lead to a change of words. In general, the four versions of the replacement of common words are the result of internal and external factors. By comparing the frequency statistics of the four versions of the corpus with those of the Peking University corpus, it is found that the statistical data of the large corpus and the four versions of the corpus are incompletely matched by the database capacity and content problems.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H134
[Abstract]:Laoqida is an outstanding representative of conversational works in modern Chinese research materials and a typical representative of Chinese Mandarin textbooks in Korean era. There are five versions in the existing world. The study on the replacement of common words in Laoqida can provide some references and materials for the study of the vocabulary of specialized books and the study of vocabulary of modern Chinese. This paper mainly selects 616 sentences < Laoqida > four versions of sentence section contrast attached to Li Taizhu's four versions of "Lao Qida" as the research corpus, and adopts Li Zongjiang and Zhou Jian's judgment methods about common words. That is to say, the frequency division of common words is used to select the corpus, and several groups of nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives, which appear frequently among the four versions are selected and analyzed. They are compared with the development of words in Peking University corpus from Tang to the Republic of China. It is found that the main reason for the change of the common words in the fourth edition of Laoqida is that it is mainly influenced by the internal development of the lexical system, which is manifested as "1: 1". Explicit semantic needs drive word meaning differentiation and word renewal, which can lead to the division of words in the same semantic field and the replacement of new and old words. The vacuity of word meaning brings about the function of function and the replacement of old and new words. The competition of words leads to the change of words, and the change of common words is also influenced by the external factors of language system, as follows: 1. The type of cognitive psychology of Chinese characters has an effect on the development of vocabulary. Social factors such as regime change affect word turnover. Economic factors may affect word turnover. Cultural and educational factors can also affect the change of words. Language contact can lead to a change of words. In general, the four versions of the replacement of common words are the result of internal and external factors. By comparing the frequency statistics of the four versions of the corpus with those of the Peking University corpus, it is found that the statistical data of the large corpus and the four versions of the corpus are incompletely matched by the database capacity and content problems.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H134
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