基于DRT框架的汉语驴子句研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 14:50

【摘要】：自Peter Geach (1962)提出最初的驴子句“Every farmer who owns a donkey beats it."以来,该语言现象就成为语言逻辑领域和语言学领域所关注的重要问题。针对驴子句所涉及的不定名词、量词、辖域等问题,不同领域的学者们从不同方面对该语言现象进行了形式的和非形式的解释和说明,并发展出了针对处理该语言现象的相关形式语义理论。可以说,驴子句研究促进了自上世纪八十年代以来的动态语义研究。鉴于驴子句对以英语为主要研究对象的语义研究的重要推动作用,近年来,国内学者们纷纷探讨了汉语中的驴子句现象,并主要对汉语中驴子句的分类及表现形式作了大量的研究。本文在这样的大背景下,尝试借鉴处理英语驴子句的一种语义理论—话语表现理论(Discourse Representation Theory,简称DRT)来处理汉语驴子句。这一工作的关键步骤首先是要了解DRT对英语驴子句处理的基本思想和框架；第二,针对英语驴子旬现象的基本特征,对国内已有的汉语驴子句分类研究进行总结和归纳,给出典型的汉语驴子句类型;第三,在DRT框架的基础上,针对汉语驴子句所涉及的句法和语义对原有的DRT构造进行补充和改造,使其成为能够处理汉语驴子句相关语句的理论DRTc,而后我们尝试在DRTc下对汉语驴子句进行处理和解释。文章主要的创新,首先是对国内汉语驴子句已有的研究成果进行梳理,并归纳整理出几类典型的汉语驴子句；第二是尝试对DRT框架进行补充和改造,使其能够囊括与汉语驴子句相关的句法和语义内容,并随之尝试在调适后的DRTc下对几类汉语驴子句进行解释和处理；另外,就自然语言语句的信息承载功能,并考虑影响语义的多种因素,我们尝试将语句的确定性语义解释置于信息交流的过程中,尝试对DRT已有的模型进行扩充,将信息交流双方的背景知识置于模型的结构中,使得一语句的确定语义解释具有相对性,即相对于交流双方的背景知识,以便更好地实现语句作为信息载体的流通和传输功能。
[Abstract]:Since Peter Geach (1962), the original donkey sentence "Every farmer who owns a donkey beats it." Since then, this linguistic phenomenon has become an important issue in the field of linguistic logic and linguistics. In view of the indeterminate nouns, quantifiers, and the scope of the donkey sentence, scholars in different fields have interpreted and explained the linguistic phenomenon from different aspects in both formal and non-formal ways. A formal semantic theory is developed to deal with the phenomenon of the language. It can be said that the study of donkey sentence has promoted the study of dynamic semantics since 1980's. In view of the important role of donkey sentence in the semantic study of English as the main research object, in recent years, domestic scholars have discussed the phenomenon of donkey sentence in Chinese. And mainly on the Chinese donkey sentence classification and expression of a large number of studies. Against this background, this paper attempts to use the semantic theory of (Discourse Representation Theory, for reference to deal with Chinese donkey sentences, which is called (Discourse Representation Theory, for short, to deal with Chinese donkey sentences. The key steps of this work are first to understand the basic ideas and framework of DRT in dealing with English donkey sentences; second, to summarize and summarize the existing researches on the classification of Chinese donkey sentences in China in view of the basic characteristics of English donkeys. The typical Chinese donkey sentence types are given. Thirdly, on the basis of the DRT framework, the original DRT structure is supplemented and modified according to the syntax and semantics involved in the Chinese donkey sentence. It becomes the theory of DRTc, which can deal with the Chinese donkey sentence. Then we try to deal with and explain the Chinese donkey sentence under DRTc. The main innovation of the article is to sort out the existing research results of Chinese donkey sentence in China, and to summarize and sort out several typical Chinese donkey sentences. The second is to try to supplement and reform the DRT framework. So that it can include syntax and semantic content related to Chinese donkey sentence, and then try to interpret and process several kinds of Chinese donkey sentence under adjusted DRTc. Considering many factors affecting semantics, we try to put the deterministic semantic interpretation of sentences in the process of information exchange, try to expand the existing model of DRT, and put the background knowledge of both sides of information exchange into the structure of the model. The deterministic semantic interpretation of a sentence is relative, that is, relative to the exchange of background knowledge between the two sides, in order to better realize the function of the sentence as the information carrier circulation and transmission.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;H314

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