从跨文化角度探析英汉间接抱怨语

发布时间：2018-11-22 12:39

【摘要】：言语行为是奥斯汀在1962年提出，并由美国语言学家赛尔于1969年进一步发展的。到目前为止，很多语言学家已经对道歉、恭维、请求和拒绝等言语行为进行了大量的研究。不同于这些已经很完善的言语行为，抱怨语，尤其是间接抱怨语在跨文化交际和语际语用学领域的研究相对较少。大多数学者对抱怨言语行为的研究主要局限于语法、修辞和语用学这三个方面，而对于跨文化视角的研究相对很少。因此，基于跨文化视角对英汉间接抱怨语进行更深入的研究是很有必要的。这项研究应该会有价值，值得进行。和其它研究不同的是，这篇文章基于跨文化角度对英汉间接抱怨语的实施策略和应答策略进行了详细的研究。在这项研究中，总共有20位美国人和20位中国人参与了此项问卷调查，问卷涵盖了10项不同的情景。根据已经收集到的数据，美国人和中国人在间接抱怨语的实施策略和应答策略中有相似和不同之处。结论表明中国人比美国人采用更多的间接策略。为了维护团队的和谐和相互依赖的关系，中国人更倾向于尊重对方，为对方留面子；而美国人则自己做决定，个人主义对他们很重要。导致这些差异的原因是由于不同的社会价值体系和语境文化。这些原因在本文分别作了详细的分析和论述。就社会价值体系而言，美国人生长在以个人主义为中心的社会，独立自主很重要。这个社会的人更多考虑的是个人的权利。但是中国人是群体人，中国文化被看作是集体主义文化。他们对自己的团体很忠诚，集体的利益至高无上。而就语境文化而言，中国文化属于典型的强语境文化。生长在这个语境文化中的人们喜欢用“拐弯抹角”的话语来保持团体的和睦。但是弱语境文化中的人们在日常交际中喜欢选取更为直接和积极礼貌的话语来交谈。总之，，对不同国家的文化差异更好的了解有助于恰当的实施抱怨策略。毫无疑问，对两个国家抱怨语的对比研究有助于今后的语言研究。
[Abstract]:Speech act was proposed by Austin in 1962 and further developed by American linguist Ser in 1969. Up to now, many linguists have done a lot of research on speech acts such as apology, compliment, request and refusal. Different from these perfect speech acts, there are relatively few researches in the field of cross-cultural communication and interlingual pragmatics. Most scholars' researches on the speech act of complaint are mainly confined to three aspects: grammar, rhetoric and pragmatics, but there are few researches on cross-cultural perspective. Therefore, it is necessary to study English and Chinese indirect complaints from a cross-cultural perspective. The study should be valuable and worthwhile. Different from other studies, this paper makes a detailed study of the implementation and response strategies of English and Chinese indirect complaints from a cross-cultural perspective. A total of 20 Americans and 20 Chinese participated in the study, which covered 10 different scenarios. According to the data collected, Americans and Chinese have similarities and differences in the implementation strategies and response strategies of indirect complaints. The results show that Chinese use more indirect strategies than Americans. In order to maintain a harmonious and interdependent relationship, Chinese people tend to respect each other and save face for each other, while Americans make their own decisions, and individualism is important to them. These differences are caused by different social value systems and contextual cultures. These reasons are analyzed and discussed in detail in this paper. As far as social value systems are concerned, it is important for Americans to grow up in an individualistic society. People in this society are more concerned with the rights of the individual. But Chinese people are group people, Chinese culture is regarded as collectivism culture. They are loyal to their group, and their collective interests are paramount. In terms of contextual culture, Chinese culture belongs to a typical strong contextual culture. People who grow up in this context like to use the words of "beating the bush" to keep the harmony of the group. However, people in weak context tend to choose more direct and positive politeness in their daily communication. In short, a better understanding of the cultural differences of different countries contributes to the proper implementation of complaint strategies. There is no doubt that a contrastive study of the two countries' complaints will contribute to future language studies.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136;H313

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