从虚构的语义学指称看虚构在科学中的意义

发布时间：2018-11-28 18:22

【摘要】：虚构贯穿于人们的现实生活之中，例如在文学文本的作品里，又如在哲学领域里的语言哲学、科技哲学、心灵哲学等，还有诸如自然科学领域里的天文学、数学、地球科学、生命科学、物理学等，以及人文科学领域里的经济学、社会学、政治学、法学等，它们的理论以及概念成分都基于人类心灵的虚构而产生。本文通过对虚构的语言分析推论出，在对虚构功能研究时需要强调应在不同使用语境和适用范围下来做足不同情形下的虚构功能的区分和研究。虚构存于科学理论中并充当着有机组成的部分，进而在哲学、自然科学以及人文科学中指导着人们的生存实践，并且预测未来的发展趋势。同样的，文学作品中的虚构、虚拟技术等都会对人们的生存实践产生作用，这就包括了正反两方面的作用，因此，我们应正视并强调虚构功能的研究，在正确认识和分析的前提下，扬弃虚构的功能，积极运用并发挥虚构的正面价值功效，并且努力做到避免虚构所带来的消极功能，进而指导人们的生存实践走向“正能量”。本文从文本作品中所蕴含的虚构成分作为出发点，延伸到对虚构名称指称的语言哲学分析，，同时对虚构于科学理论建构中的虚构地位以及作用进行了探讨和分析，从而表明虚构具有着认识论意义，并且虚构在科学理论和科学发展的进程中发挥着正反两面的作用，因此，在哲学本体论和认识论的引导下，这就需要人们合理的定位出虚构的地位和价值，从而引导人们将虚构和现实区分开来，正视并区别虚构的不同作用，这样，人们在现实实践中就能够运用虚构所带来的正面作用从而预防和克服其消极的功能，这也正是本研究所要得出的现实意义及价值。
[Abstract]:Fiction runs through people's real lives, for example, in literary texts, in philosophy, philosophy of science and technology, philosophy of mind, and things like astronomy, mathematics, earth science in the field of natural science. Economics, sociology, political science, law and so on in the fields of life science, physics, and humanities, their theoretical and conceptual components are based on the fiction of the human mind. Based on the analysis of fictional language, this paper draws a conclusion that in the study of fictional functions, we should emphasize that we should distinguish and study the fictional functions under different contexts and scope of application. Fiction exists in scientific theory and acts as an organic component, and then guides people's living practice in philosophy, natural science and humanities, and predicts the development trend in the future. Similarly, fiction and virtual technology in literary works will have an impact on people's living practice, which includes both positive and negative effects. Therefore, we should face up to and emphasize the study of fictional functions. Under the premise of correct understanding and analysis, sublation of fictional function, active use and exertion of positive value effect of fiction, and efforts to avoid the negative function brought by fiction can guide people's living practice to "positive energy". From the fictional elements contained in the text works as the starting point, this paper extends to the linguistic philosophical analysis of fictional name reference, and probes into the fictional position and function of fiction in the construction of scientific theory. Therefore, under the guidance of philosophical ontology and epistemology, fiction has epistemological significance and plays a positive and negative role in the process of scientific theory and scientific development. This requires people to reasonably position the status and value of fiction, so as to guide people to distinguish fiction from reality, to face and distinguish the different roles of fiction. People can use the positive function brought by fiction in practice to prevent and overcome its negative function, which is the practical significance and value of this study.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H030;B023

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