动词“开”的句法语义研究

发布时间：2018-11-29 10:18

【摘要】：动词“开”是最常用的现代汉语动词之一,所包含的义项复杂,不同义项之间共享一定的语义属性,但义项之间的分工不尽相同,主要表现在句法和语义上。本文以动词“开”的不同义项为研究对象,结合实际语料,主要考察动词“开”的句法、语义特点,揭示动词“开”的句法和语义表现之间的互动关系。本文共包括五个部分,其中正文四章,外加绪论。第一章研究了动词“开”的义项以及各义项之间的语义引申机制。首先,确定动词“开”的基本义；其次,借助原型理论和家族相似性原理探究了动词“开”的语义引申机制,形成动词“开”的语义体系。第二章分析了动词“开”的基本语义特征。首先,考察了动词“开”的自主性和非自主性,然后对自主动词“开”与非自主动词“开”在句法层面上的表现进行分析；通过对动词“开”持续性和非持续性语义特征的考察,总结出动词“开”的不同义项所具有的语义特征。第三章探析了动词“开”的过程结构及其与句子指涉类型的关系。首先,分析了动词“开”的不同义项的过程结构；其次,考察了动词“开”的不同义项在现实句和非现实句中的句法特点。第四章对“开”做谓语时的句法特征进行了研究。首先,对动词“开”所带宾语的结构类型和语义类型及其典型性,以及动词“开”与宾语之间出现的定语的语义进行了分析与考察；其次,对动词“开”所带补语的结构类型和语义指向进行了分析与考察；最后,考察了动词“开”对句式的选择。
[Abstract]:The verb "open" is one of the most commonly used verbs in modern Chinese, which contains complex meanings and shares certain semantic attributes among different meanings, but the division of labor among meanings is different, mainly in syntax and semantics. Taking the different meanings of the verb "open" as the research object and combining with the actual corpus, this paper mainly investigates the syntactic and semantic characteristics of the verb "open", and reveals the interaction between the syntax and semantic expression of the verb "open". This paper consists of five parts, including four chapters, plus an introduction. The first chapter studies the meaning of the verb "open" and its semantic extension mechanism. Firstly, the basic meaning of verb "open" is determined; secondly, the semantic extension mechanism of verb "open" is explored by means of prototype theory and family similarity principle, and the semantic system of verb "open" is formed. The second chapter analyzes the basic semantic features of the verb "open". First of all, it examines the autonomy and non-autonomy of the verb "open", and then analyzes the syntactic performance of the verb "open" and the non-autonomous verb "open" at the syntactic level. Based on the investigation of the semantic characteristics of the verb "open" and its non-persistence, the semantic features of the different meanings of the verb "open" are summarized. Chapter three explores the process structure of the verb "open" and its relationship with the type of sentence reference. Firstly, it analyzes the process structure of the different meanings of the verb "open", and then investigates the syntactic characteristics of the different meanings of the verb "open" in the realistic sentence and the non-realistic sentence. The fourth chapter studies the syntactic characteristics of open as predicate. First of all, the structure type, semantic type and its typicality of the object with the verb "open" and the semantics of the attribute between the verb "open" and the object are analyzed and investigated. Secondly, it analyzes the structural type and semantic direction of the complement brought by the verb "Kai", and finally examines the choice of the sentence pattern of the verb "open".
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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