蒙古语状态否定句的表征及否定词后置效应

发布时间：2018-01-15 16:38

本文关键词：蒙古语状态否定句的表征及否定词后置效应　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：任何语言中都有否定。研究者们提出各种不同的理论来解释否定的加工机制。总的来看,否定加工过程涉及两个加工模型：一步加工模型和两步加工模型。以整合模型为代表的一步加工模型认为否定加工时我们会自发地整合否定信息,不需要表征被否定状态就能很容易的直接得到表征。但该模型只适用于状态确定的简单否定句。而以两阶段模拟假说和图式加标签模型为主要代表的两步加工模型都认为被否定状态首先得到表征,接着才是实际状态的表征。迄今,对否定加工过程属于哪种模型仍存在分歧。以往研究结论大多建立在对否定词前置语言的研究上,而蒙古语是否定词后置的语言,其表征特点究竟符合哪种模型,后置的否定词对句法表征有无影响有待验证。研究一以母语为蒙古语的蒙汉双语在校大学生为被试,采用图片核证范式与自定步速阅读方法将间隔时间界定为250ms、750ms和1500ms来探讨蒙汉双语者对蒙古语和汉语状态确定简单否定句早、中、晚期的动态表征过程。实验1、实验2和实验3均采用2(句子类型：肯定与否定)×2(图片与句子描述的物体形状的匹配状态：匹配与不匹配)的被试内实验设计。结果显示：在以250ms为间隔时间条件下,匹配状态的主效应显著,与句子实际状态匹配的图片的反应时显著短于不匹配图片的反应时,即出现与事件实际状态匹配的图片的匹配效应,句子类型的主效应显著,加工否定句的反应时显著长于肯定句；语言类型和句子类型的交互作用显著,当加工否定句时,汉语和蒙古语之间的差异显著,对汉语否定句的加工显著快于对蒙古语否定句的加工；加工肯定句时,汉语和蒙古语之间的差异不显著在以750ms为间隔时间条件下,句子类型的主效应显著,加工否定句的反应时显著长于肯定句,并且仍具有匹配效应。语言类型和句子类型的交互作用不显著。在以1500ms为间隔时间条件下,句子类型的主效应显著,加工否定句的反应时显著长于肯定句,仍具有匹配效应。语言类型和句子类型的交互作用不显著。实验结果表明,对否定词后置的蒙古语状态确定否定句来讲,在加工初期,出现后置效应。并且,蒙古语和汉语都在加工初期就完成了对事件的实际状态的模拟,即支持一步加工模型中的整合模型。研究二以母语为蒙古语的在校大学生为被试,采用句子-图片核证范式与自定步速阅读方法将间隔时间界定为250ms、750ms和1500ms来探讨蒙古语状态不确定简单否定句早、中、晚期的动态表征过程。实验1、实验2和实验3均采用2(语言类型：蒙古语／汉语)×2(句子类型：肯定与否定)×3(图片类型：)的三被试内实验设计。结果显示：在三个时间间隔条件下,句子类型的主效应显著,加工否定句的反应时显著长于肯定句；对于否定句而言,被试对添加否定标签的图片“×+N”的反应时显著短于与事件被否定状态匹配的图片“N”的反应时,对肯定句而言,被试对图片“N”的反应时显著短于“×+N”的反应时；句子类型与图片类型的主效应不显著。这表明不论是在短时间间隔还是在长时间间隔的条件下,实际状态而不是被否定状态得到表征,支持否定句加工的整合模型。总的来说,本研究表明蒙汉双语者对状态确定否定句和状态不确定否定句的表征过程符合整合模型,并且在加工状态确定否定句的初期出现后置效应。
[Abstract]:There are negative in any language. Researchers have proposed various theories to explain the processing mechanism of the negative. In general, the negative process involves two process model: one step processing model and two step processing model. One step processing model to integrate the model represented that the negative process we will spontaneously integrate negative information do not need to be negative, characterization of representation state can be easily obtained directly. But this model is only applicable to the state to determine the simple negation. The two step processing model and the two stage simulation hypothesis and schema labelling model are considered as the main representative of the negated state was first characterized, then is the characterization of the actual state of on the negative process. So far, what kind of model there are still differences. The previous studies are based on the study of negation pre language, which is the Mongolian word rear The language, its characterization is in accord with what kind of model, negative word rear of syntactic representation has not yet to be verified. The Mongolian and Chinese bilingual students study in native Mongolian were tested, using the picture verification paradigm and self reading method of the interval defined as 250ms, 750ms and 1500ms of Mongolia Chinese bilingual simple negation of Mongolian and Chinese early state, dynamic characterization process advanced. In Experiment 1, experiment 2 and 3 were 2 (sentence type: positive and negative) * 2 (matching state: pictures and sentences that describe the object shape matching and non matching) within subjects the experimental design. The results showed that in the 250ms time interval under the condition that the main effect of matching state was matched with the actual state of the sentence picture of the reaction time was significantly shorter in the picture does not match the reaction time, and things like that is real The matching effect states matching pictures, the main effect of sentence types significantly negative sentence processing were significantly longer than affirmative; interaction between language types and sentence types significantly, when processing negative sentences, the differences between Chinese and Mongolian were in process of Chinese negative sentences significantly faster than the Mongolian negative sentences processing; processing of affirmative sentences, differences between Chinese and Mongolian is not significant in the 750ms time interval under the condition that the main effect of sentence types significantly negative sentence processing were significantly longer than the affirmative, and still has the matching effect. The interaction of language types and sentence types was not significant. In the 1500ms interval time conditions, main effect of sentence types significantly negative sentence processing were significantly longer than affirmative, still has the matching effect. The interaction of language types and sentence types was not significant. The experimental results show that the negation of negation is determined the Mongolian state is concerned, in the early processing, appear post effect. Also, Mongolian and Chinese are in the early processing is complete simulation of the actual state of affairs, which support the integrated model of step processing model. In study two native Mongolian College Students as participants, using sentence picture verification paradigm and self reading method of time interval is defined as 250ms, 750ms and 1500ms to explore the Mongolian State Uncertainty simple negation, early, dynamic characterization process advanced. In Experiment 1, experiment 2 and 3 were 2 (Language: Mongolian / Chinese) * 2 (sentence types: positive and negative) * 3 (picture type: three) were within the experimental design. The results show that in three time interval under the condition that the main effect of sentence types is significant, negative reaction processing Was significantly longer than the affirmative; for negative sentences, subjects to add negative labeling pictures "* +N" reaction time was significantly shorter in the event and negated state matching picture "N" reaction, the affirmative, be tried to picture "N" was short for "* +N" the reaction time; the main effect of sentence type and image type is not significant. This shows that both the interval in a short time or long time interval under the condition of the actual state and not be denied the state representation, support negative sentence processing integration model. Overall, this study shows that the Mongolian and Chinese bilingual determine negation sentence and uncertain state representation of negative sentences with the integration model of the state, and determine the negative effect in the early post processing.

【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H212

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