明代邸报中的官文书整理研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 14:35

本文选题：明代邸报　切入点：官文书　出处：《宁夏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：古代社会的“状”、“报”、“邸吏状”、“朝报”、“塘报”、“邸抄”、“牌报”等等通称邸报,它是我国古代官府传知朝政的文书抄本和政治情报。其内容主要包括皇帝的起居言行、诏令谕旨及国家的重大决策、法令、政令,官员升黜、任免、选拔、赏赐褒奖、贬斥的消息,官员的章奏表疏等等,邸报还会刊载一些社会新闻、军事报道、教育报道等。官文书是指由官方发布的,具有政治效力的文字。据我国现存最早的历史文献汇编集《尚书》记载,周王朝时出现了典、谟、训、诰、誓、命等具体的公文文种。自此,我国古代的官文书正式进入历史舞台,逐渐演变为现在的公文,继续在行政管理等领域发挥不可替代的作用。在中国新闻史上,邸报被认为是我国最早的报纸。关于邸报的研究成果也大多侧重于它新闻学方面的价值,如朱传誉先生撰写的《宋代新闻史》和尹韵公先生撰写的《中国明代新闻传播史》。也有一些从古代档案发布及政治传播的角度对邸报进行研究的文章。但是,在邸报中占重要位置的官文书却常常被忽略,迄今为止,还未见到专门对我国古代邸报中的官文书进行系统整理和分析的文章或著作,因此,笔者选择从这一新的角度来解读邸报,作一轻浅的尝试。邸报产生于唐代,发展于宋代,繁荣于明代,直至清末消亡。资料众多且大多散见,笔者能力所限,不可能将所有的邸报收集起来进行研究。明《万历邸钞》和《弘光实录钞》分别是明万历和弘光年间的邸报抄本,内容较为完整,且明代是邸报发展的繁荣期,故选择它们作为本文研究对象。文章分为绪论、正文、结论、附录四个部分。绪论部分主要介绍了本文的选题来源、研究现状、研究意义和研究方法。选题来源意在使读者明了笔者之所以选择这个题目的初衷;研究现状则是将学界对于邸报的研究成果作一归纳整理,从旧有的成果中发现新的研究角度。同时对它们进行消化吸收,为本文的研究打好理论基础;研究意义从各方面阐释了本文研究的价值所在;最后说明文章的研究方法,恰当的材料配合科学的方法才能得出合理有效的结论。正文分为三章:第一章是概述篇:对本文涉及的两个重要名词——“邸报”和“官文书”进行了介绍。邸报部分论述了邸报的概念、发展历程,传世邸报原件简介以及邸报与现代政报的关系;官文书部分则对古代官文书的概念、种类和特点进行了阐明。第二章是整理篇:笔者对本文研究的主要对象——《万历邸钞》和《弘光实录钞》作了简要介绍,按照行文方向和官文书的种类对其中的官文书进行了系统的整理和数据统计,并对整理结果作了简单的分析。第三章是研究篇,笔者从明代邸报中官文书的内容种类、行文体式、明代邸报中官文书的新闻性、从《万历邸钞》中奏疏的“留中”看万历政局、明代邸报中官文书的价值、明代邸报中官文书的缺憾等方面对明代邸报进行了研究。结语部分是对全文的总结,再次阐述了本文研究的创新点,指出了笔者所做的工作对以后研究者提供的便利之处,同时分析了自己在研究和撰写过程中的一些不足。附录部分是笔者搜集的一些邸报原件的影印图片,以图让读者对邸报有一个概貌性的了解。
[Abstract]:The ancient society "shape", "news", "Di Li", "in the newspaper", "Tang" and "Di" copied "brand" and so on the known, it is China's ancient official documents of the state known manuscripts and political intelligence. The main contents include the emperor's personal behavior that decision, decree and the decree of the state decree, decree, official promotion and demotion, dismissal, selection, reward award, bad news, the official memorial table also published some sparse and so on, the social news reports, military, education report. Official documents refers to the official release, with political text effect according to the compilation of China's earliest extant historical documents in < > book records, Wang Zhaoshi appeared Zhou Dian, Mo, training, tomorrow, oath, life and other specific documents. Since then, China's ancient official documents formally entered the stage of history, gradually evolved into the current document, continue to play in the field of administration management etc. Alternative. In Chinese news history, the is considered to be China's first newspaper. The research results about also mostly focuses on its value in terms of journalism, such as Mr. Zhu Chuanyu wrote the song < > news history and Yin Yun wrote "Mr. China Ming Dynasty history of Journalism and communication. There are studied on some issue and political communication from the perspective of the ancient archives. However, in the accounts for the important position of the official documents is often neglected, so far, there is no specialized in ancient China in the official documents of the system arrangement and analysis of the articles or works, therefore, the author chooses to interpret the from this new perspective, try a light. The light produced in the Tang Dynasty, developed in Song Dynasty, flourished in the Ming Dynasty, until the late Qing Dynasty perish. Many literatures and most of them are scattered, the limited ability of the author may not be all the cash Set up of Ming Wanli note. < > and < > are Hongguang record notes of Ming Dynasty and Hong light years the Codex, content is complete, and the Ming Dynasty is the prosperous period, so choose them as the research object of this paper. This paper is divided into introduction, body, conclusion, appendix four. The introduction part mainly introduces the background, research status, research significance and research methods. The author intended to enable readers to understand the source of the topic chose this topic intention; research status is for the academic research results of the sums up finishing, found a new point of view from the old results. At the same time they are absorbed and lay the theoretical foundation for this research; the significance of the research from the aspects of interpretation of the value of this paper; finally explains the research methods of the article, to the scientific method with appropriate materials The reasonable and effective conclusion. The text is divided into three chapters: the first chapter is an overview: on two important terms related to this article, "the" and "official documents" are introduced in this paper. The part discusses the concept, development course, the original profile and the relationship between the ancient and modern political newspaper; official documents part of the concept of the ancient official documents, types and characteristics are described. The second chapter is the collation: the author of this paper research the main object Wanli note < > and < > hongguanng record notes are briefly introduced, according to the direction and type of official document system the data collection and statistics of the official documents, and the results are analyzed. The third chapter is the research papers, the author from the Ming Dynasty in the type and content of official documents, line style, news of the Ming Dynasty in the official documents, Coushu Wanli note from < > See the "left" political dynasty, the Ming Dynasty in the official text of the value of the book, in the Ming Dynasty the official documents defects and other aspects of the study of the Ming Dynasty. The conclusion part is a summary of the full text, once again expounded the innovation of this paper, points out the convenience of work done by the author to provide researchers at the same time, analyzed their research and some problems in the process of writing. The appendix is the collection of some of the original copy picture, in order to let the readers have a general understanding of the nature.

【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H12

【参考文献】