逻辑学视角下非现实范畴时态差异研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 06:35

本文选题：非现实范畴 + 时态　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文对非现实范畴进行了研究,对非现实句的判断标准、语义分类、句法实现进行初步总结。通过研究发现,汉语中非现实范畴和现实范畴的句法表现在时态上存在差异,具体体现在以下三个方面:(1)现实范畴中,时体标记的使用是必须的,词汇性标志和语法性标志的搭配受限制。而非现实范畴中,时体标记可以使用也可以不使用,两种标志的搭配没有限制。(2)现实范畴中,时态对“不”和“没”的使用具有严格的限制,而非现实范畴中,时态对“不”和“没”的使用没有严格的限制。(3)动词重叠形式只能出现在特定的现实句中,表达习惯等意义,非现实句中重叠形式的使用比较自由。而且我们发现很多动词重叠形式本身就表达一种非现实意义。最后本文尝试从逻辑学角度对以上句法差异进行了解释。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the category of nonreality, and summarizes the judgment criteria, semantic classification and syntactic realization of nonrealistic sentences. It is found that the syntactic expressions of non-realistic category and realistic category in Chinese are different in tenses, which are embodied in the following three aspects: 1) in the realistic category, the use of temporal aspect markers is necessary. The collocation of lexical and grammatical marks is restricted. In the non-realistic category, the time-body marker can be used or not, and the collocation of the two kinds of signs has no restriction. (2) in the realistic category, tense has strict restrictions on the use of "no" and "no", but not in the real category. There are no strict restrictions on the use of "no" and "no" in tenses. The reduplication of verbs can only appear in specific real sentences, expressing habits and other meanings, and the reduplicative forms in non-realistic sentences are relatively free to use. Moreover, we find that many verb reduplication forms themselves express a kind of unrealistic meaning. Finally, this paper attempts to explain the above syntactic differences from the perspective of logic.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146

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