“短～”类形容词的双音化及其句法后果

发布时间：2018-10-23 14:42

【摘要】：现代汉语中单音节形容词和以该单音节形容词为构词语素的双音节形容词之间既有密切的联系又存在很大的差异。同素单、双音节形容词有两种构成方式:一是该相同的语素在前,比如:粗—粗糙、粗犷、粗壮;二是该相同语素在后,比如:白—雪白、花白、乳白,本文以相同语素在前的单、双音节形容词为研究对象。为了研究便利,我们以单音节形容词“短”和与之对应的双音节形容词“短小”、“短浅”、“短暂”、“短促”为研究个例。从共时和历时两个层面对二者进行比较研究,共时层面主要从句法差异和语义差异两方面进行描写,历时层面着重考察双音节形容词“短小”、“短浅”、“短暂”、“短促”的双音化过程,并试图从历时角度解释共时差异存在的原因。第一章是绪论。主要交代本文的研究目的和意义;与本文相关的国内外研究述评,主要包括单、双音节词语差异的综合研究和单、双音节形容词差异研究及双音化过程方面的研究和双音化对汉语发展影响的研究;并对研究时所采用的理论方法及语料来源有所交代。第二章是共时句法差异。从句法组合功能、句位占据功能和句式准入功能三个方面对单音节形容词“短”和双音节形容词“短小”、“短浅”、“短暂”、“短促”做了对比描写。第三章是共时语义差异。论述了单音节形容词“短”和双音节形容词“短小”、“短浅”、“短暂”、“短促”在性质和状态,断言和评价,内涵和外延三个方面表现出的语义差异。第四章是“短~”的双音化过程考察及造成的语法后果。首先对双音化的语义基础做出说明;再考察双音节形容词“短小、短浅”、“短促、短暂”的双音化过程;最后对双音化引起的语义变化和双音节词内部的语义倾向做出说明。第五章是结语,概括总结本文的主要结论及不足之处。
[Abstract]:There are close relations and great differences between monosyllabic adjectives and disyllabic adjectives with monosyllabic adjectives as word-forming morphemes in modern Chinese. There are two ways to make up the same morpheme: one is that the same morpheme is in front, for example: coarse, rough, and strong; the other is that the same morpheme is in the rear, for example: White-snow white, milky white, This paper studies single and double syllable adjectives with the same morpheme. In order to facilitate the study, we take the monosyllabic adjectives "short" and the corresponding dicyllabic adjectives "short", "short" and "short" as examples. This paper makes a comparative study on the synchronic and diachronic aspects. The synchronic level mainly describes the syntactic differences and the semantic differences, and the diachronic adjectives are studied in terms of "short", "short", and "short". This paper attempts to explain the causes of synchronic differences from a diachronic point of view. The first chapter is the introduction. This paper mainly describes the purpose and significance of this study, and reviews the domestic and foreign studies related to this article, including the comprehensive study of monosyllabic and disyllabic differences and monosyllables. The research on the difference of dicyllabic adjectives, the process of bisyllabic and the influence of dichotomy on the development of Chinese, and the theoretical method and the source of the corpus used in the study. The second chapter is synchronic syntactic differences. This paper makes a comparative description of monosyllabic adjectives "short" and double-syllable adjectives "short", "short" and "short" from three aspects of syntactic combination function, sentence position occupation function and sentence entry function. The third chapter is synchronic semantic differences. This paper discusses the semantic differences between monosyllabic adjectives "short" and double-syllable adjectives "short", "short" and "short" in nature and state, assertion and evaluation, connotation and extension. The fourth chapter is about the process of short ~ and its grammatical consequences. This paper first explains the semantic basis of dicyllabic adjectives, then examines the dicyllabic adjectives "short, short", "short, short" dicyllabic process, and finally explains the semantic changes caused by dicyllabic and the semantic tendency of dicyllabic words. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the main conclusions and shortcomings of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3

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