江苏省外国留学生汉语使用情况调查研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 10:03
【摘要】：留学生群体是境内汉语国际教育的主体对象。与境外汉语学习者不同的是,他们拥有更好的二语习得环境和更多利用二语交际的机会。2016年共有来自181个国家的两万余名外国学生在江苏60所高校求学,江苏是外国留学生学习中文的重要目的地。研究江苏境内的外国留学生群体的汉语使用情况对于改进江苏的对外汉语教学工作十分重要。本文着眼于江苏留学生汉语使用情况,具体包括对四个方面的分析:(1)调查对象基本情况统计分析;(2)调查对象语言技能使用情况分析,主要包括听、说、读、写、译五项技能;(3)调查对象语言要素使用情况分析,主要包括对语音、语法、词汇及汉字使用情况的分析;(4)调查对象对课程及课堂教学的反馈。针对上述问题,本文采用定量研究与定性研究相结合的方法进行。定量研究主要通过问卷调查实现,定性研究主要采用访谈及座谈会的形式收集相关信息。通过面向全省发放问卷,根据调查对象的基本情况、语言技能使用情况以及语言要素掌握情况进行分析,针对问卷中反映的问题和得出的结论为对外汉语教学提出建议。通过对于留学生听、说、读、写、译五项语言技能以及词汇、语法、语音、汉字几项语言要素使用情况的分析,对于江苏省留学生汉语使用情况有了更进一步的认识和了解。总的来说,主要具备以下几个特征:1.重视日常用语的使用与学习。2.对于中国文化的兴趣在提升。3.经贸类汉语知识及词汇的关注度降低。4.旅游文化类知识的地位有所提升。5.对于文学、历史以及风俗的关注度依旧处于较后的状态。6.重视听、说等与留学生日常生活密切相关的技能。7.强调发音训练。通过对问卷调查数据的分析发现:(1)江苏省留学生课外汉语使用情况总体较好。学生重视对汉语的输出,重视听说能力的培养;(2)留学生关注与实际生活密切联系的汉语运用能力的培养;(3)善于使用新媒体等社交手段获取汉语学习的信息,增加学习的平台;(4)信心不足是目前留学生汉语使用过程中最主要的障碍。在问卷调查研究的基础上,我们进一步展开访谈与座谈,倾听学生关于对外汉语教学的建议,得出有关新时期的对外汉语教学的几点结论:一是应更加注重技能训练,联系生活,帮助学生学以致用;二是提高教师自身教学的素养及知识储备;三是利用新媒体社交工具帮助推动对外汉语教学的发展。江苏作为全国的来华留学生人主要目的省份,此前尚未开展过有关调研。本调研通过考察留学生课外汉语实际使用情况,反思汉语课堂教学与留学生管理方面的问题,为我省留学生教育管理工作提供宝贵的数据。通过多维度调研,考察学生的汉语使用现状,深入了解留学生在汉文化融入、汉语言理解、文化交流与情感等诸多方面的情况。
[Abstract]:The group of foreign students is the main object of international Chinese education in China. Different from foreign Chinese learners, they have a better environment for second language acquisition and more opportunities to use second language communication. In 2016, more than 20,000 foreign students from 181 countries attended 60 colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province. Jiangsu is an important destination for foreign students to learn Chinese. It is very important to study the use of Chinese for foreign students in Jiangsu province. This paper focuses on the use of Chinese among students from Jiangsu province, including four aspects: (1) statistical analysis of the basic situation of the subjects, (2) analysis of the language skills of the subjects, including listening, speaking, reading, writing, etc. (3) the analysis of the use of language elements, including the use of phonetic, grammatical, lexical and Chinese characters; (4) the feedback of the subjects on the curriculum and classroom teaching. In order to solve the above problems, this paper adopts the method of combining quantitative and qualitative research. The quantitative research is mainly realized by questionnaire, and the qualitative research mainly adopts the form of interviews and symposiums to collect relevant information. According to the basic situation of the subjects, the use of language skills and the mastery of language elements, this paper analyzes the problems reflected in the questionnaire and puts forward some suggestions for the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. Through the analysis of the five language skills of listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation, as well as the use of vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation and Chinese characters, we have gained a better understanding and understanding of the use of Chinese for the students studying in Jiangsu Province. Generally speaking, it has the following characteristics: 1. Attach importance to the use and learning of everyday language. 2. Interest in Chinese culture is rising. 3. Economic and trade Chinese knowledge and vocabulary decreased the attention. 4. The status of knowledge of tourism culture has been improved. 5. 5. The focus on literature, history, and customs remains at a later stage. 6. 6. Pay attention to listening, speaking and other skills closely related to the daily life of foreign students. 7. Emphasis on pronunciation training. Through the analysis of the questionnaire data, we find that: (1) the use of extracurricular Chinese in Jiangsu Province is good. Students pay attention to the output of Chinese, pay attention to the cultivation of listening and speaking ability; (2) the students pay attention to the cultivation of the ability to use Chinese which is closely related to the real life; (3) they are good at using new media and other social means to obtain the information of Chinese learning. (4) lack of confidence is the main obstacle in the process of using Chinese. On the basis of questionnaire investigation, we further carry out interviews and discussions, listen to the students' suggestions on teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and draw some conclusions about the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language in the new era: first, we should pay more attention to the training of skills. The second is to improve teachers' own teaching literacy and knowledge reserve, and the third is to use new media social tools to help promote the development of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Jiangsu, as the main destination province of Chinese students, has not carried out research before. Through investigating the actual use of Chinese after class for foreign students, this research reflects on the problems in the teaching of Chinese and the management of foreign students, and provides valuable data for the education and management of foreign students in our province. Through multi-dimensional investigation, the present situation of students' use of Chinese is investigated, and the situation of foreign students in Chinese culture integration, Chinese language understanding, cultural exchange and emotion is deeply understood.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3
，
本文编号：2291067
[Abstract]:The group of foreign students is the main object of international Chinese education in China. Different from foreign Chinese learners, they have a better environment for second language acquisition and more opportunities to use second language communication. In 2016, more than 20,000 foreign students from 181 countries attended 60 colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province. Jiangsu is an important destination for foreign students to learn Chinese. It is very important to study the use of Chinese for foreign students in Jiangsu province. This paper focuses on the use of Chinese among students from Jiangsu province, including four aspects: (1) statistical analysis of the basic situation of the subjects, (2) analysis of the language skills of the subjects, including listening, speaking, reading, writing, etc. (3) the analysis of the use of language elements, including the use of phonetic, grammatical, lexical and Chinese characters; (4) the feedback of the subjects on the curriculum and classroom teaching. In order to solve the above problems, this paper adopts the method of combining quantitative and qualitative research. The quantitative research is mainly realized by questionnaire, and the qualitative research mainly adopts the form of interviews and symposiums to collect relevant information. According to the basic situation of the subjects, the use of language skills and the mastery of language elements, this paper analyzes the problems reflected in the questionnaire and puts forward some suggestions for the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. Through the analysis of the five language skills of listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation, as well as the use of vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation and Chinese characters, we have gained a better understanding and understanding of the use of Chinese for the students studying in Jiangsu Province. Generally speaking, it has the following characteristics: 1. Attach importance to the use and learning of everyday language. 2. Interest in Chinese culture is rising. 3. Economic and trade Chinese knowledge and vocabulary decreased the attention. 4. The status of knowledge of tourism culture has been improved. 5. 5. The focus on literature, history, and customs remains at a later stage. 6. 6. Pay attention to listening, speaking and other skills closely related to the daily life of foreign students. 7. Emphasis on pronunciation training. Through the analysis of the questionnaire data, we find that: (1) the use of extracurricular Chinese in Jiangsu Province is good. Students pay attention to the output of Chinese, pay attention to the cultivation of listening and speaking ability; (2) the students pay attention to the cultivation of the ability to use Chinese which is closely related to the real life; (3) they are good at using new media and other social means to obtain the information of Chinese learning. (4) lack of confidence is the main obstacle in the process of using Chinese. On the basis of questionnaire investigation, we further carry out interviews and discussions, listen to the students' suggestions on teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and draw some conclusions about the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language in the new era: first, we should pay more attention to the training of skills. The second is to improve teachers' own teaching literacy and knowledge reserve, and the third is to use new media social tools to help promote the development of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Jiangsu, as the main destination province of Chinese students, has not carried out research before. Through investigating the actual use of Chinese after class for foreign students, this research reflects on the problems in the teaching of Chinese and the management of foreign students, and provides valuable data for the education and management of foreign students in our province. Through multi-dimensional investigation, the present situation of students' use of Chinese is investigated, and the situation of foreign students in Chinese culture integration, Chinese language understanding, cultural exchange and emotion is deeply understood.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3
，
本文编号：2291067
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