英中日运动事件词汇化类型对比研究

发布时间：2018-11-10 22:36

【摘要】：本文通过对比英语、汉语和日语中人体位移动词的表达,对英语、汉语和日语三种语言的运动事件词汇化类型进行研究。本文选取莫言的《红高粱》及其译本中的人体位移动词作为研究对象,运用Talmy关于运动事件词汇化类型的理论,分析英语、汉语和日语运动事件的词汇化模式,通过实证研究和语料分析,总结三种语言运动事件的词汇化特点,并分析三种语言的运动事件词汇化模式的异同。本文在以下两个方面展开研究：词汇化类型和事件整合。根据Talmy运动事件词汇化类型理论,本文对英语、汉语、日语三种语言的运动事件的语义成分和表层成分进行分析,并总结三种语言的词汇化类型和特点。本文对比与分析《红高粱》中文、英文及日文文本中运动事件的表达,并以方式动词和路径动词为重点,研究三种语言在运动事件表达中的异同。基于对三种语言运动事件中方式动词和路径动词的讨论,探讨英语、汉语和日语的事件整合方式。通过比较《红高粱》及其英文、日文文本,本文有以下几个发现：首先,在对人体位移事件的描述中,三种语言在使用动词表达运动的频率方面表现出差异性。汉语和日语在动词的使用频率上高于英语,汉语的动词使用频率最高,其次是日语,而英语的动词使用频率最少,这与汉语和日语在动作表达上多重复,而英语往往避免重复密不可分。同时,在翻译汉语原文中的运动事件时,英语倾向于“化动为静”,而日语一般保留原文的动词形式；另外,在三种语言的词汇化模式方面,汉语和英语的词汇化模式相似,在汉语和英语中,主动词一般在前,背景在后,而日语恰好相反,日语对运动事件的表达习惯是动词在后,背景在前；在方式动词的使用方面,英语的方式动词最为丰富,词汇化水平最高,其次是汉语,而日语的方式动词最少。本文在此发现的基础上总结了日语运动事件中表达“方式”的五种模式,并使用语料进行阐释；最后,在三种语言的事件整合方面,英语是典型的卫星语素框架语,而日语是典型的动词框架语,而汉语的卫星语素框架语言的特征不是特别典型。本文通过对英语和日语方式动词种类和特点的归纳,发现与动词框架语言相比,卫星框架语言具有更丰富的方式动词,这一发现与Slobin认为卫星框架语言是较高方式凸显动词的结论相吻合。本研究对英语、汉语和日语三种语言之间运动事件的翻译具有启示意义。
[Abstract]:By comparing the expressions of human displacement verbs in English, Chinese and Japanese, this paper studies the lexicalization of motion events in English, Chinese and Japanese. This paper takes the human displacement verbs in Mo Yan's "Red Sorghum" and its translation as research objects, and analyzes the lexicalization patterns of motion events in English, Chinese and Japanese by using Talmy's theory on the lexicalization of motion events. Through empirical research and corpus analysis, this paper summarizes the lexicalization characteristics of the three language sports events, and analyzes the similarities and differences of the three languages' motion event lexicalization patterns. This paper focuses on the following two aspects: lexicalization and event integration. Based on Talmy's theory of lexicalization of motion events, this paper analyzes the semantic and surface components of motion events in English, Chinese and Japanese, and summarizes the lexicalization types and characteristics of the three languages. This paper compares and analyses the expression of motion events in the Chinese, English and Japanese texts of "Red Sorghum", and studies the similarities and differences of the three languages in the expression of motion events, focusing on the stylistic verbs and the path verbs. Based on the discussion of modal verbs and path verbs in three languages, this paper discusses the ways of event integration in English, Chinese and Japanese. By comparing Red Sorghum and its English and Japanese texts, this paper makes the following findings: first of all, in the description of human displacement events, the three languages show differences in the frequency of using verbs to express movement. Chinese and Japanese use verbs more frequently than English, Chinese verbs use the highest frequency, followed by Japanese, and English verbs use the least frequency, which is more repetitive with Chinese and Japanese in action expression. English, however, often avoids repetition. At the same time, when translating the motion events in the Chinese original text, English tends to "turn the motion into silence", while Japanese generally retains the verb form of the original text; In addition, in the lexicalization model of the three languages, the lexicalization patterns of Chinese and English are similar. In Chinese and English, the active words are generally in the front, the background is behind, but the Japanese is just the opposite. The Japanese habit of expressing motion events is that the verb is at the back and the background is at the front; In terms of the use of modal verbs, English is the most abundant, lexicalization level is the highest, followed by Chinese, while Japanese mode verbs are the least. On the basis of the findings, this paper summarizes five modes of expressing "mode" in Japanese motion events, and uses corpus to explain them. Finally, in the aspect of event integration, English is a typical satellite morpheme frame, Japanese is a typical verb frame, and Chinese satellite morpheme frame is not particularly typical. This paper summarizes the types and characteristics of modal verbs in English and Japanese, and finds that satellite frame language is more abundant than verb frame language. This finding coincides with Slobin's conclusion that satellite frame language is a higher way to highlight verbs. This study is instructive for the translation of motion events between English, Chinese and Japanese.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H030

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