现代汉语词素组研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 20:07

【摘要】：现代汉语词汇系统中,存在着大量的多音节合成词,比如"教师节"、"洗衣机"等,我们一般认为这类词的内部结构是具有层级性的,然而,处于这些词中第一层级上的成分(比如"教师"、"洗衣")该如何定性,答案却莫衷一是。探讨该类语言成分的性质,对于研究多音节合成词的词素划分问题和多音节词的造词机制都是十分必要的。本文以《现代汉语词典(第6版)》及《现代汉语规范词典(第3版)》中的三音节合成词为语料范围,圈定出上述语言成分,试图在分析大量语料的基础上,研究得出该类语言成分的性质特点以及在语义、造词活动中的规律和机制。文章共分五个部分:第一章为绪论,介绍了本文的研究对象,语料来源及研究方法,并按时间线索简要论述了前人学者对该问题的研究情况。第二章主要包括:厘清了"词素"和"语素"两个概念,界定了"词素组"的内涵和性质,并分析了词素组的类型、特点及功能等内容。第三章选取了文章搜集到的临时词素组作为研究对象,描写了其语义上的属性聚焦情况,并从"属性聚焦"理论的角度解释了临时词素组的造词机制。第四章主要分析了凝固词素组在造词过程中体现出来的语义范畴转换现象。动词性凝固词素组和名词性凝固词素组在造词过程中,会分别从行为范畴和事物范畴转换到性状义范畴。在动词性凝固词素组的语义范畴转换中,我们重点分析了表功能属性的词素组;在名词凝固词素组部分,重点分析了以"隐喻"和"转喻"为认知基础所发生的范畴转换。第五章主要描写了词素组在参与造词过程中体现出来的种种"结构义",从该角度认识了词义和词素组意义之间的关系。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese vocabulary system, there are a large number of polysyllabic compound words, such as "teacher's Day", "washing Machine" and so on. We generally think that the internal structure of these words is hierarchical, however, The first level of these words (such as "teacher", "laundry") should be qualitative, but the answer is not unanimous. It is necessary to study the morpheme division of polysyllabic compound words and the word-forming mechanism of polysyllabic words. In this paper, the three syllable compound words in the Modern Chinese Dictionary (6th Edition) and the Modern Chinese Standard Dictionary (3rd Edition) are taken as the data scope, and the above language components are delineated, which is based on the analysis of a large amount of data. The characteristics of this kind of language components and the rules and mechanisms in semantic and word-making activities are obtained. The article is divided into five parts: the first chapter is the introduction, which introduces the research object, the source of the corpus and the research method, and briefly discusses the previous scholars' research on this issue according to the time clue. The second chapter mainly includes: clarify "morpheme" and "morpheme" two concepts, define the connotation and nature of "morpheme group", and analyze the types, characteristics and functions of morpheme group. The third chapter selects the temporary morpheme collected in this paper as the research object, describes its semantic attribute focusing, and explains the word formation mechanism of the temporary morpheme from the perspective of "attribute focusing" theory. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the semantic category transformation phenomenon of solidified morpheme in the process of word formation. Verb solidification morpheme and noun solidification morpheme will be transformed from behavior category and thing category to character meaning category in the process of word formation. In the semantic category transformation of verb solidification morpheme, we focus on the morpheme of functional attributes, and on the category transformation based on metaphor and metonymy in the part of noun solidification morpheme. The fifth chapter mainly describes various "structural meanings" of morpheme in the process of word formation, from which we understand the relationship between lexical meaning and morpheme meaning.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136

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