从《1984》到《1Q84》：论人的主体性丧失与重建

发布时间：2018-01-10 00:20

本文关键词：从《1984》到《1Q84》：论人的主体性丧失与重建　出处：《东北师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《1984》是英国作家乔治·奥威尔（George Orwell，1903-1950）的传世之作。而日本作家村上春树（Haruki Murakami，1949-）在出版《1Q84》后曾明确表示《1Q84》是对奥威尔小说《1984》的“致敬式”创作，同时还特别强调自己所写的就是“1984年”。目前对于这两部作品的文学批评只有简单的主题比较，还很少有交叉性的解读。《1984》是奥威尔写于1948年的预言小说，而《1Q84》是村上春树写于2009年的一种超现实回顾的“物语”。奥威尔假借构建的“1984年”的社会状态警示了极权统治可能带来的恶果，而对于现代社会，村上春树的这层忧虑可能更深。 “主体性”一直是哲学领域广为关注的课题。在其衍变过程中，一方面，“主体性”的基点在于人的自然本能与不自觉的自我意识；另一方面，人的自然欲望总是受到各种“体制性”的东西的规训。经过梳理和对比，笔者发现两部小说都展现出人的主体性丧失的恶果，都着力表现了在不同历史语境下个体的生存状态。本文试图从“主体性”的视角来探究两位作家的突围之路，研究在不同民族与国家的历史语境下，，在体制禁锢、抹削历史记忆、身体改造等方面表现出来的相似和相异。通过文本间的比较分析，从宏观到微观，探讨其背后所隐藏的文化与哲学涵义，再返回到宏观文学领域，观看现代人的生存状态。论文主要分为五个部分：引言是对两部作品的研究现状以及两位作家创作背景的介绍，并通过梳理“主体性”，指出本文试图围绕这一视角展开对两部作品的剖析。第一章是梳理两部作品中主体性的丧失过程，通过“老大哥”与“小小人”的对比，分析人在不同历史时期的生存状态。第二章是分析两部作品中主体性的保存方式，一方面是温斯顿在极权环境下寻找共鸣的经历与体验；另一方面是天吾与青豆在平行世界内展开的冒险历程。第三章是探究两位作家在面临主体困境下的突围之路，一方面是温斯顿重陷魔爪的悲剧，另一方面是天吾与青豆携手新生的神话。结语是对全文做出的总结。
[Abstract]:<1984> is a British writer George Orwell (George Orwell, 1903-1950) masterpieces. The Japanese writer Haruki Murakami (Haruki Murakami 1949-) published in <1Q84> after <1Q84> is made clear in Orwell's novel <1984> "tribute" creation, also emphasized that he wrote is "1984". For the two works of literary criticism only simple themes, there are few cross interpretation.
<1984> is a novel written by Orwell in 1948 that, while <1Q84> is an ultra realistic review of the "story" written by Haruki Murakami in 2009. Social status warning Orwell under the guise of the construction of the "1984" authoritarian rule may bring about the consequences, but in modern society, this worry Haruki Murakami may be deeper.
"Subjectivity" has been widely concerned issue of philosophy. In the process of development, on the one hand, starting point of "subjectivity" is the natural instinct of people with self-consciousness; on the other hand, people's desire has always been "systemic" things after combing discipline. And comparison, the author found that two novels show people's subjectivity lost the consequences, both focus on the performance of individual in different historical context of the survival of the state.
This paper tries to explore the two writers from the perspective of the break out of the road, in the different ethnic and national historical context, in the system of imprisonment, wiped the memory of history, similarities and differences of body modification and other aspects. Through the comparison of the text, from macroscopic to microcosmic, study culture with the philosophical meaning hidden behind it, and then return to the macro literature, watch the modern people's living condition.
The thesis is divided into five parts:
The introduction is about the research status of the two works and the introduction of the two writers' background. By combing "subjectivity", it points out that this article tries to analyze the two works from this perspective.
The first chapter combs the loss process of subjectivity in the two works. By comparing the big brother with the little man, it analyzes the survival state of people in different historical periods.
The second chapter is to analyze the preservation of subjectivity in the two works. On the one hand, Winston's experience and experience of seeking resonance in the totalitarian environment; on the other hand, the adventures of Tian Wu and green beans in the parallel world.
The third chapter is to explore the breakthrough of the two writers in the face of the predicament of the main road, on the one hand is Winston back into the clutches of the tragedy, on the other hand is my new day and green beans to the myth.
The conclusion is a summary of the full text.

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I106.4-03

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