论康拉德三部小说中的死亡主题

发布时间：2018-03-28 17:17

本文选题：死亡　切入点：直面　出处：《东北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：英国波兰裔小说家约瑟夫·康拉德（Joseph Conrad，1857-1924）作为英国现代杰出小说家之一，在英国文学史甚至世界文学史上都占有重要地位。康拉德的创作中，因为其思想的复杂与深邃性，小说创作上呈现出狂欢化的叙述模式，在“死亡主题”下展现出多种话语形式共时呈现的众声喧哗的话语场。打破了以往传统现实主义单一话语构成下，封闭性的文本阐释空间，而呈现出多种阐释可能的开放性。在康拉德的作品中“死亡主题”占有十分重要的地位，几乎贯穿了他整个创作生涯，他将非凡的个人经历投射到文学创作中，将个人对生存感悟、文明的反思、人性的关怀都融入到了他精心构建的“死亡主题”创作中。因此，选取这三部对康拉德来说具有代表性意义的作品作为研究对象，深入文本对三部小说的“死亡主题”进行梳理与研究成为探究与发现康拉德的思想世界关键突破口。本文立足于三部作品，对作品中的“死亡主题”进行探究，分析康拉德在三部“死亡主题”作品中不同向度上的思考，以及呈现方式。《“水仙号”的黑水手》：浪漫恣意的激情，是对冲出死亡虚无之围的生命、精神力量的双重礼赞；《吉姆爷》：用戏拟与反讽的手法来展示人类在自我认证时的困境；《黑暗的心》：在狂欢化的话语场中展开与死亡的多重对话，，展示了寻找灵魂世界的可能之路。通过对三部作品中“死亡主题”的分别阐释，在层层意义解读中发掘出康拉德死亡观的样貌，将自我之思同人类普遍命运结合起来，以死观生。直面死亡，破除死亡造成的焦虑与恐惧；反思自我，冲出死亡的环形废墟；对话死亡，在死亡中寻找自我。向死而生：冲破死亡的虚无之围，寻求正确认证自我的道路，寻找灵魂的世界。通过对以死观生、向死而生的死亡观的确立，揭示康拉德作品在预言性与寓言性的外观下，对现实人生的关照与指导意义。
[Abstract]:As one of the outstanding modern British novelists, Joseph Conrad (1857-1924) plays an important role in the history of English literature and even in the history of world literature. Under the theme of death, the narrative mode of carnival is presented in the novel creation, and the noisy discourse field of multiple discourse forms is presented at the same time, which breaks the single discourse structure of traditional realism. Closed text interpretation space, and presents a variety of interpretations of the possible openness. In Conrad's works, "the theme of death" occupies a very important position, almost throughout his entire writing career, He projects the extraordinary personal experience into the literary creation, integrates the personal perception of existence, the reflection of civilization, and the care of human nature into his carefully constructed "theme of death". Selecting the three works which are representative to Conrad as the object of study, combing and researching the theme of death of the three novels is the key breakthrough of exploring and discovering Conrad's thought world. Based on three works, this paper explores the theme of death in the works, analyzes Conrad's thinking on different dimensions in the three works of the theme of death, as well as the way of presentation. "Black Mariner of Narcissus": romantic and wanton passion, It is a double praise of the spiritual strength of life that rushed out of the nothingness of death; Lord Jim: showing the plight of man in self-attestation by means of play and irony; the Heart of Darkness: a multifold conversation with death in the field of revelry discourse, It shows the possible way to find the world of soul. Through the interpretation of the theme of death in the three works, we can find out the appearance of Conrad's view of death in the interpretation of layers of meaning, and combine the thought of self with the universal destiny of mankind. Live by death. Face death, break the anxiety and fear caused by death; reflect on yourself, break through the ruins of death; talk about death, find yourself in death. Live toward death: break through the nothingness of death, Through the establishment of the view of death and the view of death, this paper reveals the care and guiding significance of Conrad's works in the appearance of prophecy and fable to the real life.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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