伦理悲剧—文学伦理学视域下的《奇异的插曲》

发布时间：2018-04-13 05:31

本文选题：《奇异的插曲》 + 文学伦理学　；参考：《郑州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国“现代戏剧之父”尤金·奥尼尔的代表作之一——《奇异的插曲》形式新颖,而且蕴含着丰富的伦理思想,引人深思,具有很大的研究价值。论文以文学伦理学为理论框架,对剧中的女主人公妮娜·利兹进行了细读,通过分析历史伦理背景下妮娜伦理身份的变化、遭遇的伦理混乱及做出的伦理选择,旨在揭示妮娜悲剧背后的伦理动因。论文共包括六个部分。引言部分对《奇异的插曲》的作者和剧本内容,以及该剧本的国内外研究现状作了简要介绍,从而引出本论文的研究目的及意义。第一章概述了文学伦理学的发展和主要内容,并详细介绍了论文所使用的关键伦理术语,为后续分析奠定了理论基础。第二章首先分析了历史伦理环境的特点,即清教主义仍有根深蒂固的影响,但战争的残酷又让人们开始关注个人幸福,尤其是生活在父权制社会中的女性。接着分析了妮娜与戈登结婚可以获得的三个伦理身份——爱人、妻子和母亲,这三个身份对于妮娜缺一不可,同时拥有三个身份,她才能获得幸福。最后分析了失去这些渴望已久的伦理身份后,妮娜经历的伦理混乱以及矛盾的伦理价值下做出的伦理选择,从此踏上了追求这些伦理身份的不归之路。第三章集中分析妮娜追寻上述伦理身份的第一次尝试,即通过结婚获得妻子和母亲的身份,继而爱上孩子的父亲,获得爱人的身份。论文首先分析了导致妮娜这次尝试失败的关键人物,即自己的丈夫埃文斯的母亲——身上的伦理因素,她是清教父权主义的受害者,却又为完成清教主义赋予女性的任务——保护丈夫和孩子,引导妮娜踏上了悲剧之路。接着分析了妮娜在知晓丈夫家有精神病这一事实后所面对的伦理两难。最后分析了妮娜灾难性的伦理选择,既要完成自己对丈夫的责任,同时又要追求自己的幸福。第四章主要分析了妮娜的第二次尝试,包括此次尝试失败的伦理原因、失败后陷入的伦理混乱及最终的伦理选择：妮娜与达雷尔陷入婚外恋情,以为可以在达雷尔那里同时获得三个伦理身份,因此她计划向丈夫说出实情。然而达雷尔却因自私及受不了伦理谴责而逃走。之后,妮娜陷入伦理混乱,企图罔顾家庭伦理,占有生命中的所有男人,既获得妻子的伦理身份,又拥有爱情,还拥有母亲的伦理身份。然而,随着时间流逝,丈夫变得强硬,她与情人之间的激情和欲望消失殆尽,儿子也有了未婚妻即将离自己而去,妮娜深感终究敌不过根深蒂固的父权清教伦理,开始向往安定与平和,因此最终向清教主义投降,选择与查理呆在一起。结论部分主要对前面的论述做出总结,指出妮娜的悲剧实际上是伦理的悲剧,是时代伦理价值冲突的后果：战争让人们开始重视自我感受,希望追求个人幸福。然而清教主义和父权伦理使人们(尤其是女性)的这些最基本也是最简单的伦理追求变成了不可能。
[Abstract]:One of the representative works of Eugene ONeil, the father of modern drama, the fantastic interlude is novel and rich in ethical thoughts. It has great value in research.
Based on the theoretical framework of Literary Ethics, this paper makes a close reading of the heroine Nina Liz in the play. By analyzing the changes of Nina's ethical identity under the historical ethics background, the ethical confusion and ethical choices she has encountered, it aims at revealing the ethical motivation behind Nina's tragedy.
The paper consists of six parts.
The introductory part briefly introduces the author and script content of the Strange Interlude, and the research status of the script at home and abroad, so as to draw the purpose and significance of this thesis.
The first chapter outlines the development and main contents of Literary Ethics, and introduces the key ethical terms used in the paper, which lays a theoretical foundation for subsequent analysis.
The second chapter analyzes the characteristics of the history of ethical environment, there is still ingrained influence of Puritanism, but the cruelty of war and let people begin to pay attention to personal happiness, especially those living in the patriarchal society of women. Then analyzes Nina and Gordon married can get three ethical identity -- lover, wife and mother. These three identities for Nina are indispensable, also have three identity, she can be happy. The final analysis of the ethical identity loss of these long, Nina experienced ethics ethics price confusion and contradiction of the value of ethical choice made, embarked on the pursuit of these ethical identity no return.
The third chapter first tries to analyze Nina's quest for the ethical identity, that is to get a wife and mother's identity through marriage, and then fall in love with the father of the child, obtain the lover's identity. It firstly analyzes the key figure in Nina this attempt failed, that her husband Evans's mother, ethical factors on the body, she is the victims of the Puritan patriarchy, but also for the completion of Puritanism gave women the task - to protect her husband and children, guide Nina embarked on a road of tragedy. Then analyzes the ethical dilemmas of mental illness in the Nina family to know her husband face it. After finally analyzes the ethical choice of Nina's disastrous, both to complete their husband's responsibility, but also the pursuit of their own happiness.
The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the second Nina attempt, including the reasons for the failure of the attempt of ethics, ethical choice and ethical confusion after the failure in the final: Nina and Darrel into the affair that can be obtained at the same time in Darrel's three ethical identity, because the husband she plans to tell the truth. But Darrel was selfish and can't stand condemned ethics and flee. Later, Nina into the ethical confusion, in an attempt to disregard family ethics, possession of all the men in the life, can obtain ethical identity and his wife, have love, have ethical identity of the mother. However, with the passage of time, the husband gets tough, between her and the lover's passion and desire disappear, son has a fiancee to be away from their own, Nina was eventually succumbed to ingrained patriarchal Puritan Ethics, began to yearn for stability and peace, so the final Surrender to Puritanism and choose to stay with Charlie.
The conclusion part gives a summary of the above, pointed out that Nina's tragedy is actually the ethical tragedy, is the era of ethical value of the consequences of the conflict: the war makes people begin to pay attention to your feelings, to the pursuit of personal happiness. However, Puritanism and patriarchal ethics makes people (especially women) of the most basic and simple ethical pursuit became impossible.

【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.073

【参考文献】