论岛崎藤村《家》中的女性

发布时间：2018-05-05 11:06

本文选题：岛崎藤村 + 女性形象　；参考：《湘潭大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：日本自然主义代表作家岛崎藤村在其代表作《家》中塑造了十几位女性人物。迄今为止，有关《家》中女性的研究主要以种、仓、雪、丰世为中心，认为4者虽存在差异，但都是受封建家族制度束缚的悲哀女性。这一观点有待商榷。其次，相关研究认为其成因是受作者身边女性的影响，但笔者认为分析欠全面。其实，《家》中女性除了上述几位人物之外，另有小俊、曾根、福、爱、小仙、阿春等人，她们的存在也不容忽视。本文将《家》中的女性分为4大类，运用文本分析的方法，首先对其具体形象进行了研究。第一类：种、仓两者是明治时期旧家女主人的代表，封建家长制度中儒教伦理道德的忠实维护者。种性格刚烈，仓性格柔弱，但两者都“恪守妇道，勤俭持家”；愚忠旧家、夫君。第二类：雪、丰世、小俊、曾根 4人在某种程度上具有身为女性的自主和自我觉醒意识，欲追求自我，最终却依然受封建伦理束缚，生活不能如愿以偿。雪、丰世是明治时期旧家中年轻一代女主人的代表。雪虽然在某种程度上受过近代教育，却缺乏勇气追求自己的幸福。丰世有主见，敢于追求经济上的独立，但在婚姻中遵守“妇随夫”的妇德。小俊有自己的爱好和追求，但婚姻不能自主。曾根未婚，虽然外表看似柔弱，内心却坚强，是最知性的一位。第三类：福、延等 6人都是青年女学生，活泼可爱，，性格开朗，勤劳好学。与第一、二类女性相比，她们接受了更系统的新式教育，过着自由幸福的生活，在一定程度上反映了明治时期最年轻一代女性的精神面貌。第四类：小仙、阿春 2人都没有接受教育，生活无忧无虑。小仙智力低下，不谙世事，却性格开朗，单纯。阿春身为丫鬟却高傲。两人虽是主仆关系，但情同姐妹。可以说这两位女性的塑造，体现了作者对女性的一种美好愿望。其次，本文从明治时期的时代背景、文坛的影响以及作家自身因素三方面探究了《家》中女性形象的成因。明治维新后，随着文明开化风潮的盛行，男女平等等西方的近代思想传入日本。另一方面，日本近代化的不彻底性，导致了男尊女卑等封建思想仍有残余。文坛方面，直接受岩本善治“男女异质同等”女权论以及北村透谷“恋爱至上主义”恋爱观的影响，间接受与谢野晶子的女性主义思想的影响。就作家自身因素而言，主要受基督教原罪意识以及身边女性的影响。
[Abstract]:The representative writer of Japanese naturalism, Ishizaki Fujimura, molded more than a dozen female characters in his masterpiece, Home. Up to now, the research on women in "Family" is mainly focused on species, Cang, Xue, Fengshi, and thinks that although there are differences among them, all of them are sad women who are bound by feudal family system. This view is open to question. Secondly, the author thinks that the cause is influenced by the women around the author, but the author thinks that the analysis is not comprehensive. In fact, in addition to the women mentioned above, there are also Xiao Jun, Zeng Gen, Fu, Love, Xiao Xian, Ah Chun, and so on, their existence can not be ignored. In this paper, the women in Home are divided into four categories, and their specific images are studied by the method of text analysis. Category I: species, stocks They are the representatives of the old masters of the Meiji period and the faithful defenders of Confucian ethics in the feudal patriarchal system. Kind of strong character, Cang character weak, but both "abide by the way of women, thrift housekeeping"; fool loyal to the old home, husband. Category II: snow, Fengshi, Xiaojun, Zeng root To a certain extent, people have the consciousness of autonomy and self-awakening as women, and they want to pursue themselves, but in the end, they are still bound by feudal ethics, and life cannot be fulfilled. Snow, Fengshi is the Meiji period of the old family of the younger generation of hostesses on behalf of. Although Xue was educated to some extent, she lacked the courage to pursue her own happiness. The rich world has its own mind, dare to pursue economic independence, but in marriage, "follow the husband" of the woman. Xiao Jun has his own hobbies and pursuits, but marriage can not be independent. Zeng root unmarried, although the appearance of seemingly weak, but strong heart, is the most intelligent one. Category III: blessing, extension, etc. 6 people are young female students, lively and lovely, cheerful personality, hardworking and studious. Compared with the first, the second kind of women, they received a more systematic new education, led a free and happy life, to some extent, reflected the spirit of the youngest generation of women in the Meiji period. Category IV: Xiao Xian, Ah Chun Two people are not educated, life is carefree. Xiaoxian intelligence is low, not familiar with the world, but cheerful personality, simple. A Chun as a servant girl but proud. Though they are masters and servants, they love their sisters. It can be said that the creation of these two women, reflects the author of a good desire for women. Secondly, this paper explores the causes of the female image in the Meiji period from three aspects: the background of the Meiji period, the influence of the literary world and the writer's own factors. After the Meiji Restoration, with the prevalence of civilization and civilization, the western modern thoughts such as equality between men and women were introduced into Japan. On the other hand, the non-thoroughness of Japan's modernization led to the vestiges of feudal ideology, such as the superiority of men and women. In the literary world, it is directly influenced by Iwamoto's feminist theory of "equality between men and women" and the "love supremacy" of Kitamura, and indirectly by Yosheno Yoshino's feminist thought. As far as writers themselves are concerned, they are mainly influenced by Christian original sin consciousness and women around them.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I313.06

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