拜厄特《占有》中书信体叙事策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 01:25

本文选题：《占有》 + 书信体叙事　；参考：《河南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：英国当代小说家A.S.拜厄特的长篇巨著《占有》一经问世，即引起巨大反响，并于1990年荣膺布克奖。这部鸿篇巨著中各种体裁纷乱杂陈，包括神话史诗、童话传说、书信日记、人物传记、学术演讲以及临终遗书，形成错综复杂的文本碎片。读者在为其丰富博杂的思想主题所倾倒之余，亦迷恋其繁复多彩的叙述技巧；有人就其神话原型进行评述，也有人对作品中的历史观进行分析，但少有人对其中大量使用的书信和日记叙事技巧进行解读，不足以破解拜厄特精心构筑的文学之谜。《占有》的成功与作者采用18世纪在欧洲大陆风行一时的文学样式—书信体小说密不可分。其中吐露心扉、记录隐私的日记，互诉衷肠、倾吐情愫的书信，不仅将远去的维多利亚历史与当代学者研究联系在一起，使小说情节的建构独具匠心，别具一格，，而且通过文本碎片设置悬念，叙事角度的转换也为读者解读作品提供更全面、深刻的见解。书信体小说在西方文学史上以写信人亲切的口吻和私密化的情感建立起一个记录个人内心活动的叙事模式，这种文体使作者更方便地表现自我。女性艺术家在维多利亚时期尚未得到社会的认可，即使满腹诗书，地位也不能与男性同日而语，她们便从探究自己内心、关注身边活动来反映周围现状。书信体小说中大量的笔墨用于描述人物的意识流动、记录情感变化和思想轨迹，重在揭示人物的心理世界和性格特征，这也促使书信和日记成为表达自我的一种方式和工具，从中也可以看到不同人物个性的压制、觉醒和反抗。本论文意在从书信体小说叙事角度对拜厄特的《占有》进行解读。第一部分介绍国内外对拜厄特文学成就的研究现状，本文的研究动机、研究目的、研究问题、研究方法及论文的整体结构；第二部分将介绍书信体小说的历史、叙事特征及在《占有》中的适用性；第三部分从小说结构安排上分析书信体叙事在情节的发展、悬念的制造和揭示、丰富的多重叙事角度来分析其在作品中的应用；第四部分从女性心理角度揭示拜厄特笔下的维多利亚女性在追求理性独立的道路上困难重重：割舍爱情，舍弃亲情，事业夭折。从兰蒙特才华横溢的创作，炽热真挚的情感到最终陷入生活事业困境；从布兰奇穷困潦倒的生活，对同性恋情的失落到极端的自杀；从爱伦最初的艺术追求，婚后的隐忍直至沦为父权社会压制下的牺牲品；从萨宾思想的觉悟，反抗到回归家庭，书信体叙事将四位女性分散的信件和日记结合在一起，展现了维多利亚时期女艺术家的生存境遇，也成为探索人物心理世界的完美途径，因此，拜厄特将书信和日记拼贴的尝试也促成了这部伟大作品的成功。
[Abstract]:A. S., a contemporary British novelist. Byatt's masterpiece, possession, received a booker award in 1990 when it was first published. The monumental masterpiece features a wide variety of genres, including mythological epic, fairy tales, correspondence diaries, biographies, academic speeches, and dying books, forming intricate pieces of text. In addition to being fascinated by his rich and varied themes, readers are also fascinated by their complex and colorful narrative skills. Some people comment on their mythological archetypes and others analyze the historical views in their works. But few people interpret the widely used narrative techniques of letters and diaries. The success of possession is inextricably linked to the literary style of the 18th century, which is popular in the European continent, namely the epistolary novel. Among them, revealing one's heart, recording a private diary, expressing one another's feelings and expressing one another's feelings not only link the long gone Victorian history with contemporary scholars' studies, but also make the construction of the novel's plot original and unique. And through the text fragment set suspense, the narration angle transformation also provides the reader to interpret the work more comprehensive, the profound view. In the history of western literature, the epistolary novel establishes a narrative model to record one's inner activities with the cordial tone and intimate emotion of the writer, which makes the author express himself more conveniently. Female artists were not recognized by society in the Victorian period, even though they were full of poetry, their status could not be the same as that of men, so they reflected the present situation by exploring their own hearts and paying close attention to the activities around them. A large number of pen and ink in epistolary novels are used to describe the flow of consciousness of characters, to record the changes of emotion and the track of thoughts, and to reveal the psychological world and character characteristics of the characters, which makes letters and diaries become a way and a tool to express themselves. We can also see the suppression, awakening and resistance of different characters. This thesis is intended to interpret Byatt's possession from the perspective of epistolary novel narration. The first part introduces the domestic and foreign research status of Byatt's literary achievements, the research motivation, research purpose, research problems, research methods and the whole structure of the thesis. The second part will introduce the history of the epistolary novel, the second part will introduce the history of the epistolary novel. The third part analyzes the development of the surety narrative in the plot, the manufacture and revelation of suspense, and the rich multi-narrative angle to analyze its application in the works from the structure arrangement of the novel. The fourth part reveals the Victorian women's difficulties in pursuing rational independence from the angle of female psychology: give up love, abandon family affection, and abort her career. From Lamont's brilliant creations, fervent and sincere feelings to the end of life's career dilemma; from Blanche's destitute life, the loss of homosexuality to extreme suicide; from Ellen's original artistic pursuits, From the consciousness of Sabin's ideology to the return to the family, the epistolary narrative combines the scattered letters and diaries of the four women. It shows the living conditions of the Victorian female artists and becomes the perfect way to explore the psychological world of the characters. Therefore, Byatt's attempt to collage letters and diaries also contributed to the success of this great work.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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