颠覆和抑制—《在美国》的新历史主义解读

发布时间：2018-05-14 08:09

本文选题：《在美国》 + 新历史主义　；参考：《广西师范学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：苏珊·桑塔格(Susan Sontag)(1933-2004)，，被认为是近代西方最引人注目和最有争议性的女作家及评论家，被认为是“美国公众的良心”，她的文学作品涉及到文艺理论，小说，哲学，摄影，导演等各个方面，国内对其思想的研究起步较晚，并且较多侧重于对其文论思想的研究，小说研究涉及较少。 20世纪80年代诞生的新历史主义正是在文体性发展成熟的前提下兼容文学与历史、文学与个人的关系研究。桑塔格后期的小说带有明显的新历史主义痕迹。小说《在美国》是她在这一时期的代表作。《在美国》以波兰著名演员海伦娜·莫德耶斯卡为原型，塑造了主人公玛琳娜这一人物形象，讲述了主人公戏剧演员玛琳娜远赴美国建立乌托邦社区后失败，最后重返戏剧舞台取得成功的经历。小说体现了桑塔格对历史的思考，对现实社会的关注。桑塔格打破传统的宏大编年体历史的束缚，从小人物的角度静观历史及其话语权力变迁。本文关注的是新历史主义“颠覆”和“抑制”在小说主题、权力话语方面的渗透。《在美国》这部小说对真实历史人物进行了重构，而作者对历史，对现实的思考又通过《在美国》得以体现。本论文共分为五章，第一章是对桑塔格和《在美国》的介绍，并且回顾了这部小说在国内外的研究现状，最后交代了本论文的学术价值以及论文的组织结构。第二章对简要介绍新历史主义的的基本理论以及其重要概念。第三章首先从对主题的颠覆，美国梦的颠覆和小人物的“大历史”三个方面探析桑塔格作品的“颠覆”主题，然后分析波兰国内和美国社会以及主人公自我的抑制力量这三种层面上的“抑制”力量。第四章从新历史主义的角度分析《在美国》的写作策略。文章第五章是对论文的小结，指出小说后续研究的价值。本文从新历史主义批评的政治功能和文学功能出发，深入分析“颠覆”和“抑制”这两个概念的深刻内涵，对《在美国》进行共时性的分析，旨在进一步实践新历史主义批评理论，探索桑塔格思考历史、关怀当前世界的普世价值观，期望用一种辩证的眼光阐释并进入社会各层的“小历史”。
[Abstract]:Susan Sontagge is regarded as the most striking and controversial female writer and critic in the modern West, and is regarded as "the conscience of the American public." her literary works involve literary theories, novels, philosophy, photography, etc. Director and other aspects, the domestic study of his thoughts started late, and more focused on his literary thoughts, novel research involved less. The new historicism born in 1980's is compatible with the relationship between literature and history, literature and individual under the premise of the development of stylistic maturity. Sontag's later novels have obvious traces of new historicism. The novel "in America" is her masterpiece in this period. "in America", based on the famous Polish actor Helena Moderjeska, the protagonist Marina is shaped. It tells the story of the heroine, Marina, who failed to set up a Utopian community in the United States, and finally returned to the stage to succeed. The novel embodies Sontag's thinking about history and his concern for the real society. Sontag breaks the shackles of the traditional grand chronological history and watches the history and the change of discourse power from the angle of the little man. This paper is concerned with the infiltration of "subversion" and "suppression" in the theme of the novel and the discourse of power. The reflection of reality is reflected in "in America". This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces Sontag and "in America", reviews the current research situation of this novel at home and abroad, and finally explains the academic value and organization structure of this thesis. The second chapter briefly introduces the basic theory of New historicism and its important concepts. The third chapter analyzes the theme of "subversion" in Sontag's works from three aspects: subversion of theme, subversion of American dream and big history of small people. Then it analyzes the restraining power in Poland and American society as well as in the protagonist's self-restraining power. The fourth chapter analyzes the writing strategies from the perspective of New historicism. The fifth chapter is a summary of the thesis, pointing out the value of the follow-up study. Starting from the political and literary functions of New historicism criticism, this paper deeply analyzes the profound connotations of the concepts of "subversion" and "suppression", and makes a synchronic analysis of "in the United States". The purpose of this paper is to further practice the theory of New historicism criticism, to explore Sontag's thinking of history, to care for the universal values of the present world, and to hope to explain and enter into the "small history" of all levels of society with a dialectical vision.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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