《押沙龙，押沙龙

发布时间：2018-05-20 15:53

本文选题：社会意识 + 阶级　；参考：《西南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在国内外对于福克纳的研究中,阶级因素都甚少得到关注。福克纳也一直被视为“南方神话”的缔造者以及统治阶级的发言人。本文从《押沙龙,押沙龙!》入手,从阶级意识的角度,挖掘了福克纳在小说中揭露的南方上层阶级为维护统治而使用的三种手段：人为制造穷白人对黑奴的憎恨,提出所谓的“白人身份”说,以及大肆地宣扬南方社会的“公平性”与“开放性”,从而证实了福克纳并非如其他“南方文艺复兴”作家一样一味地维护统治阶级的正当性,而是隐晦地揭露了南方阶级意识的真实面目。论文由三部分组成。引言部分首先对研究方法,作家和作品进行了简要的介绍。本部分还简要地回顾了国内外对《押沙龙,押沙龙!》的文学评论,并将其大致归结为三条主线,即种族研究,女性研究以及新历史主义研究。第二部分分为三章,阐述了福克纳所揭露的南方上层阶级用以维护统治的三种手段。第一章探讨了社会中明显的等级划分使主人公萨德本意思到了种族的差异。从而揭露了南方上层阶级如何通过强调种族差异而制造穷白人与黑人之间的仇恨的事实,而黑奴最终也沦为了穷白人憎恨特权阶级时的替罪羊。第二章讨论了萨德本及查尔·邦模糊不清的种族身份。由于其自身行为的粗俗,作为白人的萨德本经常被怀疑为黑人。但是统治阶级面对他“全副武装”而又衷心的黑奴时,虽然明知萨德本不具备任何白人上层阶级应有的特质,仍接纳他为了上层阶级。然而,拥有黑人血统的查尔斯·邦,却因为与身俱来的优雅与高贵被杰弗逊的居民视为贵族。这也是福克纳对所谓的种“族差异生而有之”论强有力的抨击。同时,萨德本与邦的经历也揭示了这样一个事实：统治阶级为维护自身统治而故意构建了“白人身份”,以离间穷白人与黑人,避免其结盟对自己的统治造成威胁。第三章。本章首先对战前南方社会的阶级以及南方区域意识进行探讨。紧接着,通过分析老康普森及科德菲尔德接纳萨德本为上层阶级这一事件,揭示了福克纳所披露的南方统治者维持自身统治的第三个手段：即上层阶级为了证明自己发家史的正当性,对南方社会的“公平性”与“开放性”进行了大肆的宣扬。结论总结全文,并指出福克纳的伟大正在于他可以跳出身特权阶级的身份,成为一个独立的个体,揭露自身及祖辈所在阶级为维护统治而采用的卑劣手段。
[Abstract]:In the study of Faulkner at home and abroad, class factors are very little concerned. Faulkner has also been regarded as the founder of the "Southern Myth" and the spokesman of the ruling class. This paper, starting with Absalom, Absalom, excavated the upper class of the south in Faulkner's novels to maintain its rule from the angle of class consciousness. The three means to use: artificial hatred of the poor white slaves to the black slaves, the so-called "white identity", and the "fairness" and "openness" of the southern society, which confirms that Faulkner is not like the other "Southern Renaissance" writers to maintain the legitimacy of the ruling class, but concealed. The thesis is made up of the true face of the southern class consciousness. The thesis is composed of three parts. The introduction first briefly introduces the research methods, writers and works. This part also briefly reviews the literary comments on Absalom, Absalom, and the three main lines, that is, ethnicity, female research, and The second part of the new historicism is divided into three chapters, which expounds the three means by which the upper class of the south is used to maintain rule by Faulkner. The first chapter discusses the obvious hierarchy in society that makes the protagonist Saad mean the difference of race. The hatred between the poor white and the blacks, and the black slave eventually became the scapegoat when the poor whites hated the privileged class. Chapter second discussed sadeben and Charles Bong's obscure racial identity. As the vulgar of his own behavior, the whites were often suspected of being black as white. But the ruling class faced him with the "full pair". While armed and hearty black slaves, although it was known that sadben did not have the qualities of any white upper class, he still accepted him as the upper class. However, Charles Bong, who had black lineage, was regarded as an expensive family by Jefferson's inhabitants because of his inherent elegance and dignity. This is what Faulkner called the "racial differential". And there was a strong attack on it. At the same time, the experience of sadben and the state also revealed the fact that the ruling class deliberately built "white identity" to maintain its own rule, in order to escape the poor white and black, and avoid the threat of its alliance to its own rule. Chapter third first of all, the class in the pre war southern society was the first chapter. And then the South Regional consciousness is discussed. Then, through the analysis of the old Compson and Codd Field's acceptance of the upper class as the upper class, the third means of the southern rulers to maintain their own rule by Faulkner are revealed: the "fairness" to the southern society by the upper class to prove the legitimacy of his own family history. "The full text of" and "openness" concluded the full text, and pointed out that the greatness of Faulkner is that he can jump out of the identity of the privileged class, become an independent individual, and expose the mean means of maintaining the rule of the class of his own and his ancestors.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I712.074

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