浅析霍夫曼斯塔尔小说《安德烈亚斯》中的门槛处境

发布时间：2018-05-21 08:23

本文选题：霍夫曼斯塔尔 + 安德烈亚斯　；参考：《四川外国语大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：《安德烈亚斯》是胡戈冯霍夫曼斯塔尔存世的唯一一部断片小说，也是集霍夫曼斯塔尔风格之大成之作。小说采用德国传统成长小说模式，加入现代小说因素，以到达目的地为叙述起点，主人公安德烈亚斯回忆他的旅程，其中充满想象、梦境和回忆，为评论提供很多的视角。历来评论家们将注意力集中于文中凸显的自我认同问题以及与此相关的双影人母题。自我认同问题研究在心理学领域的发展经历了一个转变，，以爱利克埃里克森为代表的心理学家们将自我认同看做是连续，同质的过程，而另外一些理论家提出自我认同过程是异质的，且这种观点逐渐为人们所接受。由于异质的自我认同过程始终无法统一，异质分裂的自我常处于一种不安情绪中。而19世纪末20世纪初的维也纳正处于传统向现代转型的过渡期，社会剧烈转型期下人们的内心世界也相应地发生着变化。在这种历史背景下，作家作品中出现的自我迷失所带来的不安情绪成为一种独特的文学现象。维也纳作家霍夫曼斯塔尔所创作的《安德烈亚斯》中的主人公安德烈亚斯也带有一种那个时代特有的不安感。安德烈亚斯在威尼斯的不安感主要受周围环境而触发，而发生在梦境中的过道的情节更多的揭露了他内心深处不安感的深层原因。在分析安德烈亚斯的不安感时，双影人——仆人戈特希尔夫的重要性凸显出来。在戈特希尔夫身上，安德烈亚斯找到了自我的影子，安德烈亚斯对戈特希尔夫的厌恶情感同时也表现了他对自我的厌恶。戈特希尔夫不断勾起安德烈亚斯童年的阴暗记忆，不断迫使安德烈亚斯面对不堪的自我。他与另一个双影人罗曼娜的相遇使安德烈亚斯暂时摆脱了一直伴随他的不安感，产生了对另一个自我的向往。而戈特希尔夫强奸女仆事件彻底改变了罗曼娜对安德烈亚斯的态度，而对于安德烈亚斯而言，向往的自我与现实之间有道无法逾越的障碍。安德烈亚斯犹如身处门槛，身后是不堪自我的阴影，而同时一个新的自我似乎在眼前，却远在天边。本文以门槛这种带有象征意味的地点为线索，本文一步步探究文本中主人公自我不安情绪的表现和原因以及他因此产生的对另一个自我的向往。
[Abstract]:Andreas is the only fragment novel in the existence of Hugo von Hoof Manstar, and it is also a masterpiece of Hofmanstar style. The novel adopts the traditional German growth novel model, adds the modern novel factor, and takes the arrival of the destination as the narrative starting point. Andreas, the protagonist, recalls his journey, which is full of imagination, dreams and memories, and provides a lot of perspective for the commentary. Critics have traditionally focused on the self-identity issues highlighted in the text and the twin motifs associated with them. The study of self-identity has undergone a transformation in the field of psychology. Psychologists, represented by Eric Erickson, see self-identification as a continuous, homogeneous process. Other theorists suggest that the process of self-identification is heterogeneous, and this view is gradually accepted. Since the heterogeneous process of self-identification is always inconsistent, the heterogeneous self is often in a state of unease. At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, Vienna is in the transition period from tradition to modern. In this historical background, the uneasiness caused by self-disorientation in writers' works has become a unique literary phenomenon. Andreas, the protagonist of the Vienna writer Hofmanstar's Andreas, also has a peculiar sense of uneasiness in that era. Andreas's uneasiness in Venice is mainly triggered by the surrounding environment, while the plot of the hallway in the dream more reveals the deep reason of his inner uneasiness. In the analysis of Andreas's uneasiness, the importance of the double-movie-servant Gotthilf came to light. In Gotschelf, Andreas finds the shadow of himself, and Andreas's loathing emotion towards Gotschulf also shows his dislike of self. Gotthelf constantly evokes the dark memories of Andreas's childhood, forcing Andreas to face the unbearable self. His encounter with another double, Romana, temporarily freed Andreas from the uneasiness that had been with him and gave rise to a yearning for another self. The rape of a maid by Gotthelf completely changes Romana's attitude towards Andreas, while for Andreas, there is an insurmountable barrier between the desired self and reality. Andreas is on the threshold, behind the shadow of the self, and at the same time a new self seems to be in sight, but far away. Taking the threshold as the clue, this paper explores the expression and reason of the protagonist's uneasiness and his yearning for another self.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I521.074

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