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胡塞尼小说创作中的双重文化身份解读

发布时间:2018-06-15 11:34

  本文选题:胡塞尼 + 双重文化身份 ; 参考:《湖南科技大学》2015年硕士论文


【摘要】:用英文写作的美国籍阿富汗裔作家卡勒德·胡赛尼以其《追风筝的人》(2003)、《灿烂千阳》(2007)、《群山回唱》(2013)三部作品在全世界范围内获得了广泛的关注。之所以如此成功,原因当然是多方面的,但其出生在阿富汗、从小受阿富汗文化熏陶,又在美国工作和生活的经历,无疑起到了关键性的作用。在深层意义上,移民作家凭借其全新的视角和不同于传统作品的叙事获得世人瞩目,既是一种文学现象,更是一种文化现象。胡塞尼既不是纯粹阿富汗人也不是正宗美国人的尴尬处境,使他被挤压成双重“边缘人”,而这种游移的状态恰好成就了具有双重文化身份的“他者”。正是这种边缘地位和“他者”身份,使胡塞尼对弱势群体有着真切的同情和更为开阔的视野。于是,他把目光投向了饱受贫穷和战乱的阿富汗民族,投向了民族中更为弱小的扎哈拉人以及男权桎梏下的女性。逐层逐个审视下来,民族文化的固疾已了然于胸。批判不是目的,同情需要拯救。为此,胡塞尼在叙述阿富汗战乱贫困的同时,呈现了阿富汗男人的正直和英勇,描写了女性的觉醒与抗争,讲述了离散人群的彷徨和心灵回归。这样的努力,在世人面前,树立了一个既遭受苦难又充满希望的阿富汗民族形象。在这种批判和建构中,胡塞尼不自觉地形成了非东方又非西方、似主流又似边缘的“第三空间”叙事模式。这样的文化立场和视角,使作品获得了特殊的审美效果。然而,在现实生活中,强权和物质是其主宰,超然于东方西方的空间间隙是难以实现的,处于其中的文化主体势必面对两股势力的博弈,这也是胡塞尼本人和第三世界移民作家文学创作的焦虑和困惑。
[Abstract]:Written in English, American Afghan writer Khaled Hussaini has received worldwide attention for his three works, "Kite pursuers" (2003), "brilliant Qianyang" (2007), "singing back to the Mountains" (2013). There are, of course, many reasons for such success, but their experiences of being born in Afghanistan, nurtured by Afghan culture, and working and living in the United States have undoubtedly played a key role. In a deep sense, immigrant writers have gained the attention of the world with their new perspective and narration different from the traditional works, which is not only a literary phenomenon, but also a cultural phenomenon. The embarrassing situation of Houssenyi, neither a pure Afghan nor an authentic American, squeezed him into a double "fringe", a state of movement that created a "other" with a dual cultural identity. It is this marginal position and "other" identity that makes Houseni have genuine sympathy and a wider vision for the disadvantaged. So he turned his eyes to the impoverished and war-torn Afghan nation, the weaker Zaharah and the women under the yoke of male power. One by one, the national culture of the disease has become clear. Criticism is not an end, compassion needs salvation. Therefore, while describing the war and poverty in Afghanistan, Houssenyi presents the integrity and bravery of Afghan men, describes the awakening and struggle of women, and describes the wandering and spiritual return of separated people. Such efforts, in front of the world, set up a suffering and full of hope for the Afghan nation image. In this kind of criticism and construction, Husseni unconsciously formed the "third space" narrative mode, which is not oriental, non-western, mainstream and marginal. This kind of cultural standpoint and angle of view make the work obtain special aesthetic effect. However, in real life, power and matter are the masters, and it is difficult to realize the space gap between the east and the west. The cultural subject in the space is bound to face the game between the two forces. This is also the anxiety and confusion of Houseni himself and the third world immigrant writers.
【学位授予单位】:湖南科技大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:I712.074

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