解构与建构：解读《莫瑞斯》的同性恋主题

发布时间：2018-07-04 22:02

本文选题：E·M·福斯特 + 莫瑞斯　；参考：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：《莫瑞斯》(1913)是E·M·福斯特小说创作生涯后期的长篇小说。这个时期,正是福斯特对英国的社会现状极端失望、极端担忧的时期。在这样的精神状态下,福斯特作为一位温和的人文主义者希望实现人际关系的和谐,不仅仅是各国之间、各阶级之间、甚至是性别之间的和谐。他期待以此来拯救战乱纷飞的世界和内忧外患的英国,以此来实现他的自由人文主义社会理想。本文以《莫瑞斯》文本作为研究对象,运用文本细读和心理分析、对比分析等手法,通过同名男主人公莫瑞斯·霍尔发现自我、认识自我、肯定自我的成长历程和同性恋经历,检视英国中产阶级社会的婚姻、教育、宗教和医学等制度,解构了异性恋主流的文化传统。并从自由人文主义思想的立场出发,建构自由和谐的人性和文化。小说中莫瑞斯最终突破阶级局限,与阿列克实现情欲合一的完美结合并自愿放逐绿林,实现了人与人、人与自然的和谐,实现了个性解放和真实自我。这正是福斯特一生所追求的自由人文主义理想,实现人与人各方面的和谐以及建构和谐的世界秩序,将人类从工业文明迅猛发展造成的压迫中释放出来。本文主要有五个部分,包括引言、第一章、第二章、第三章和结语。引言部分主要包括作家和作品简介,国内外研究现状以及论文的选题意义和研究方法。第一章主要是解构异性恋主流的文化,包括异性恋主流社会的异性恋爱情婚姻制度、教育制度、宗教制度和以医学为代表的现代科学技术等,并通过存在的社会问题无声的反讽和揭露异性恋社会,凸显福斯特的自由人文主义思想。第二章主要是结合当时的文化传统以及福斯特自身的同性恋身份和所受的教育形成的福斯特的自由人文主义主义思想,来看福斯特通过《莫瑞斯》所要建构的和谐自由人性与文化。第三章主要是分析福斯特建构理想的艺术化呈现方式,包括《莫瑞斯》打破以往同性情感的隐性创作传统,直接描写男男爱情,以及处于世纪之交时期的文学融合传统与现代的特色。结语部分在总体概括全文内容的基础上,分析小说的价值,主要是文学史价值和社会现实价值。
[Abstract]:"Maurice" (1913) is a novel by E. M. Foster at the end of his novel writing career. This was a time when Foster was extremely disappointed and worried about the state of society in Britain. In this state of mind, Foster, as a moderate humanist, hopes to achieve harmony in interpersonal relations, not only among countries, classes, and even between sexes. He looked forward to saving the world of war and Britain, and realizing his liberal humanism social ideal. This paper takes the text of "Maurice" as the object of study, by means of text reading, psychoanalysis, comparative analysis, and so on, through which the protagonist of the same name, Maurice Hall, finds himself, knows himself, affirms the growth course of himself and the experience of homosexuality. A review of the marriage, education, religion and medical systems of middle-class British society deconstructs mainstream heterosexual cultural traditions. And from the standpoint of liberal humanism, we construct free and harmonious human nature and culture. In the novel, Maurice breaks through the class limitation, realizes the perfect combination of desire and desire with Alek, and voluntarily banishes the green forest, realizes the harmony between man and man, man and nature, and realizes the liberation of personality and the true self. This is the ideal of liberal humanism that Foster pursued in his life, realizing the harmony between people and constructing a harmonious world order, and releasing human beings from the oppression caused by the rapid development of industrial civilization. There are five parts in this paper, including introduction, chapter one, chapter two, chapter three and conclusion. The introduction part mainly includes the author and the work brief introduction, the domestic and foreign research present situation as well as the thesis topic choice significance and the research method. The first chapter is mainly about deconstructing the mainstream culture of heterosexuality, including heterosexual love marriage system, education system, religious system and modern science and technology represented by medicine. And through voiceless irony and exposure of heterosexual society, Foster's liberal humanism is highlighted. The second chapter mainly combines the cultural tradition of that time and Foster's own homosexual identity and education to form Foster's liberal humanism thought. Take a look at the harmonious and free humanity and culture that Foster is trying to build through Maurice. The third chapter mainly analyzes the artistic presentation of Foster's ideal construction, including "Maurice" breaks through the recessive creative tradition of same-sex emotion, and describes male love directly. At the turn of the century, literature merges the characteristics of tradition and modernity. The conclusion part analyzes the value of the novel, mainly the value of the history of literature and the value of the social reality on the basis of the overall summary of the content of the full text.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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