对《法国中尉的女人》的存在主义解读

发布时间：2018-07-05 01:09

本文选题：存在主义 + 自由选择　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：约翰·福尔斯是二战后英国当代文坛著名的小说家，他的作品《法国中尉的女人》在西方文艺批评界享有盛誉。讲述了男主人公查尔斯和女主人公萨拉摆脱了传统的世俗和偏见，最终踏上了通往自由的道路。作者福尔斯深受法国存在主义大师保罗·萨特的影响。萨特认为，存在先于本质。人生来就应该是自由的，自由的选择，不受外界因素限制。本文运用存在主义理论对《法国中尉的女人》进行了分析并得出以下结论： 1.这部小说宣扬的是福尔斯的存在主义观点，例如，福尔斯他向读者传递的是一种相对的自由，在不影响其他人的条件下追求自身的自由。2.小说男女主人追求的是不同形式的自由，女主人公萨拉追求绝对的自由，，男主人公查尔斯追求的是相对的自由。3.福尔斯灵活地把存在主义理论应用于叙事结构，即开放的结局和介入叙事者。本文运用存在主义理论，来分析其在小说的主题思想，人物描写，及叙事结构当中的体现。本文共分为五个章节：第一章主要介绍了作者福尔斯的生平及存在主义的经典思想。第二章主要论述了存在主义思想在文章主题思想上的体现。第三章主要阐释了存在主义思想在男女主人公身上的体现。第四章阐释了存在主义思想在叙事结构中的体现。第五章是本文的结论。
[Abstract]:John Fowles is a famous novelist in the contemporary English literary world after World War II. His work, the woman of the French Lieutenant, enjoys a high reputation in the western literary criticism. Charles and Sarah, the protagonists, break away from the traditional secular and prejudice, and finally embark on the road to freedom. The author Fowles was deeply influenced by the French existentialist master Paul Sartre. Sartre believes that existence precedes nature. People should be born free, free choice, free from external factors. This paper uses existentialism to analyze the French Lieutenant's woman and draws the following conclusions: 1. The novel preaches Fowles' existentialism. Fowles, for example, conveys to readers a relative freedom to pursue his own freedom without affecting others. The male and female owners of the novel pursue different forms of freedom, the heroine Sarah pursues absolute freedom, and the hero Charles pursues relative freedom. Fowles flexibly applied existentialism to narrative structure, that is, the open ending and the involvement of narrators. In this paper, existentialism theory is used to analyze its embodiment in the theme, character description and narrative structure of the novel. This paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter mainly introduces the author's life and existentialism. Chapter two mainly discusses the embodiment of existentialism in the theme of the article. Chapter three mainly explains the embodiment of existentialism in the protagonists and heroines. Chapter four explains the embodiment of existentialism in narrative structure. The fifth chapter is the conclusion of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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