“环境的想象”—环境批评视角下的劳伦斯诗歌解读
发布时间：2018-07-15 22:25
【摘要】：作为20世纪最著名的作家之一，戴维·赫伯特·劳伦斯（1885-1930）的创作涵盖小说、诗歌、文学评论、游记书信等各方面。他在诗歌方面的成就一度被其小说的光芒掩盖。但是越来越多的评论家开始关注他的诗歌，认为其诗歌真实地记录了他的情感生活和内心世界，在二十世纪的英国文学中占有重要的地位。 劳伦斯生活的年代正是工业革命蓬勃发展的时期，其作品反映了工业革命对人与社会，人与环境关系的影响。在劳伦斯看来，工业革命的发展使人与环境的关系更加疏远，从而导致了环境的污染与恶化，长期以往，人类将面临灭顶之灾。从小热爱自然的劳伦斯开始从动物身上以及原始世界中寻找人与环境和谐相处的方式。本文结合劳伦斯·布伊尔的环境批评理论，通过分析戴·赫·劳伦斯有关城市、动物及原始世界的诗歌，挖掘其诗歌中超前的环境意识，探寻出如何重建人与环境的和谐关系。 第一章分析了戴·赫·劳伦斯的“毒性话语”，即其有关城市的诗歌。“毒性话语”是由劳伦斯·布伊尔提出的对环境污染的话题的研究，表达人们对环境恶化的焦虑。在戴·赫·劳伦斯的有关城市的诗歌中，我们可以看到劳伦斯在资本主义工业化开始之时，就察觉到工业机械化已经对人类生活的城市环境造成了严重的污染。而且随着机械化的发展，人类慢慢被机器统治，资本主义也使整个社会充满着铜臭味，人与人的关系也开始恶化。而劳伦斯正是用自己的“毒性话语”预言着工业化给环境造成的危害，唤醒人们的环境保护意识。 第二章探讨了劳伦斯有关动物的诗歌中所蕴含的环境哲学思想。首先，劳伦斯对各种动物真实的描写，体现了其尊重动物多样性，敬畏所有生命的环境伦理思想。其次，在劳伦斯的有关动物的诗歌中，，许多动物被人格化了，赋予了主体性，从而唤醒人们对动物、对环境的关怀。最后，在劳伦斯诗歌中的拟兽手法体现了其对动物的向往和艳羡。 第三章叙述了劳伦斯如何在原始世界中寻找并建立自己的乌托邦——拉那尼姆。在意识到城市严重的污染之后，怀着对原始世界的憧憬，劳伦斯开始了“野蛮之乡的朝觐”。在朝觐的过程中，劳伦斯寻找并努力实践自己理想中的田园生活，即和印第安人一样与自然环境融为一体，并对地方有着依恋之情。 总之，劳伦斯诗歌中所蕴含的丰富的环境意识，对我们思考和重建人与环境之间的和谐关系有着重大的启示。
[Abstract]:As one of the most famous writers in the 20th century, David Herbert Lawrence (1885-1930) wrote novels, poems, literary reviews, travel letters and so on. His achievements in poetry were once obscured by the light of his novels. However, more and more critics began to pay attention to his poetry, which truly recorded his emotional life and inner world, and played an important role in English literature in the 20th century. Lawrence lived in a time when the Industrial Revolution was booming, and his works reflected the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the relationship between man and society, and between man and the environment. In Lawrence's view, the development of the industrial revolution makes the relationship between human beings and the environment more distant, which leads to the pollution and deterioration of the environment. Lawrence, who loved nature from an early age, began to find ways for man to live in harmony with the environment, both on animals and in the primitive world. Based on Lawrence Boyle's theory of environmental criticism, this paper analyzes the poems of Dai he Lawrence about cities, animals and the primitive world, excavates the advanced environmental consciousness in his poems, and explores how to reconstruct the harmonious relationship between human beings and the environment. The first chapter analyzes the toxic discourse of Dai he Lawrence, that is, his poems about cities. Toxic discourse is a study of environmental pollution proposed by Lawrence Boyle to express people's anxiety about environmental degradation. In Dai H. Lawrence's poems on cities, we can see that at the beginning of capitalist industrialization, industrial mechanization has caused serious pollution to the urban environment of human life. And with the development of mechanization, human beings are gradually ruled by machines. Capitalism also makes the whole society smelly of bronze, and the relationship between people begins to deteriorate. Lawrence uses his toxic words to predict the harm of industrialization to the environment and awaken people's consciousness of environmental protection. The second chapter discusses the philosophy of environment contained in Lawrence's poems about animals. First of all, Lawrence's true description of various animals embodies his environmental ethics of respecting animal diversity and respecting all life. Secondly, in Lawrence's poems on animals, many animals have been personified and given subjectivity, thus arousing people's concern for animals and environment. Finally, the mockery in Lawrence's poetry embodies his yearning for and envy of animals. The third chapter describes how Lawrence seeks and establishes his own Utopia-Rananim in the primitive world. Aware of the city's severe pollution and longing for the primitive world, Lawrence began the Hajj of the Wild Land. During his pilgrimage, Lawrence sought and practiced his ideal pastoral life, that is to say, he was as United with the natural environment as the Indians and attached to the place. In a word, the rich environmental consciousness contained in Lawrence's poems has great enlightenment for us to think and rebuild the harmonious relationship between human and environment.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.072
本文编号：2125573
[Abstract]:As one of the most famous writers in the 20th century, David Herbert Lawrence (1885-1930) wrote novels, poems, literary reviews, travel letters and so on. His achievements in poetry were once obscured by the light of his novels. However, more and more critics began to pay attention to his poetry, which truly recorded his emotional life and inner world, and played an important role in English literature in the 20th century. Lawrence lived in a time when the Industrial Revolution was booming, and his works reflected the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the relationship between man and society, and between man and the environment. In Lawrence's view, the development of the industrial revolution makes the relationship between human beings and the environment more distant, which leads to the pollution and deterioration of the environment. Lawrence, who loved nature from an early age, began to find ways for man to live in harmony with the environment, both on animals and in the primitive world. Based on Lawrence Boyle's theory of environmental criticism, this paper analyzes the poems of Dai he Lawrence about cities, animals and the primitive world, excavates the advanced environmental consciousness in his poems, and explores how to reconstruct the harmonious relationship between human beings and the environment. The first chapter analyzes the toxic discourse of Dai he Lawrence, that is, his poems about cities. Toxic discourse is a study of environmental pollution proposed by Lawrence Boyle to express people's anxiety about environmental degradation. In Dai H. Lawrence's poems on cities, we can see that at the beginning of capitalist industrialization, industrial mechanization has caused serious pollution to the urban environment of human life. And with the development of mechanization, human beings are gradually ruled by machines. Capitalism also makes the whole society smelly of bronze, and the relationship between people begins to deteriorate. Lawrence uses his toxic words to predict the harm of industrialization to the environment and awaken people's consciousness of environmental protection. The second chapter discusses the philosophy of environment contained in Lawrence's poems about animals. First of all, Lawrence's true description of various animals embodies his environmental ethics of respecting animal diversity and respecting all life. Secondly, in Lawrence's poems on animals, many animals have been personified and given subjectivity, thus arousing people's concern for animals and environment. Finally, the mockery in Lawrence's poetry embodies his yearning for and envy of animals. The third chapter describes how Lawrence seeks and establishes his own Utopia-Rananim in the primitive world. Aware of the city's severe pollution and longing for the primitive world, Lawrence began the Hajj of the Wild Land. During his pilgrimage, Lawrence sought and practiced his ideal pastoral life, that is to say, he was as United with the natural environment as the Indians and attached to the place. In a word, the rich environmental consciousness contained in Lawrence's poems has great enlightenment for us to think and rebuild the harmonious relationship between human and environment.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.072
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本文编号：2125573
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