古希腊神话中英雄驱魔母题研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 06:59

【摘要】：从驱魔母题这一角度对希腊英雄神话展开研究，是本文重要的学术视角。追求卓越是古希腊英雄驱魔行为的核心价值观。围绕这一核心论点，全文从三个方面展开论述：首先，本文探讨了古希腊英雄神话中英雄驱魔母题存在的可能性、普遍性以及驱魔母题发生的情境、展演的过程等问题。就其发生情境而言，无论是其冒险情境、荣誉情境，还是道德情境，其最核心的内涵就在于古希腊人追求卓越的人生观念。为了追求卓越，不断地提升自己，才有了驱魔的发生情境产生。而在驱魔的展演过程中，分别探讨了英雄与魔鬼之间的力量的对抗、智力的争斗和神力的援助三个方面，三种形式的驱魔，依然表现了英雄们追求卓越的核心价值观念。在笔者看来，英雄要成为英雄，实现追求卓越的理想，离开驱魔这一环节，就无法实现。接着，本文探讨英雄驱魔母题的内在隐喻。笔者认为，神话中的魔鬼隐含着人类生存与发展进程中所遭遇到的种种自然与社会生活中所有负能量和内心深处的心理负能量。其次，神话中的英雄则表达着人们对平安生活的渴望，对幸福安宁生活的愿望。再次，英雄驱魔则是人类历史前进的主要标志。同时还揭示了驱魔母题中所隐含着的人性的善恶对立，人类自身心灵深处所寻求的潜意识状态下的内心平衡等问题。本章内容似乎与追求卓越的观念相隔较远，但是也应该看到，笔者分析魔鬼的隐喻，无非是说明追求卓越的道路之艰难，而英雄的意义和驱魔母题的隐喻，则是为了说明追求卓越的种种形式。最后，本文又从美学的崇高角度对英雄驱魔母题进行研究。本章集中从“狂野的浪漫”、“人性的色彩”和“格调的崇高”三个方面展开。笔者认为，古希腊英雄神话以尚力为主要特色，极力宣扬力量之美，他们心中的英雄更是力量的化身。而以童真的想象描写英雄，则是其艺术魅力的又一重要特征，无论是神灵、英雄、魔鬼，，他们都力求真实的表达，显示出他们内心的纯真。在叙述风格上，则追求崇高，并强调其磅礴的气势，雄浑的境界。另外，神话在思想主题上，则强调正义，也极力歌颂正义，从而使得整个英雄神话都洋溢着一种澎湃的道德张力，充分彰显了一种崇高和壮丽的美感。而这些分析的目的，依然还是为了证明追求卓越的最高境界：即超凡的力量、纯真的人性和崇高的善。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of exorcism, it is an important academic perspective to study the Greek hero myth. The pursuit of excellence is the core value of the exorcism of ancient Greek heroes. Around this core argument, the thesis discusses three aspects: firstly, this paper probes into the possibility of the existence of the hero exorcism motif in the ancient Greek hero myth, the universality and the situation in which the exorcism motif occurs. The course of the show, etc. As far as its occurrence is concerned, whether it is the adventure situation, the honor situation or the moral situation, its core connotation lies in the ancient Greeks' pursuit of the preeminent concept of life. In order to pursue excellence and constantly improve themselves, the exorcism took place. In the process of exorcism, the author discusses the confrontation of the power between the hero and the devil, the struggle of intelligence and the aid of the divine power. The three forms of exorcism still show the core values of the heroes' pursuit of excellence. In my opinion, if a hero wants to become a hero, to achieve the ideal of excellence, without the exorcism, it cannot be achieved. Then, this paper discusses the internal metaphor of the hero exorcism motif. The author believes that the devil in mythology implies all the negative energy in the natural and social life and the negative mental energy in the deep heart of human being's existence and development. Secondly, mythical heroes express people's desire for a peaceful life and their desire for a happy and peaceful life. Again, the hero exorcism is the main symbol of the progress of human history. At the same time, it also reveals the problems of human nature's opposition of good and evil implied in the motif of exorcism, and the inner balance of the subconscious state sought by human beings in the depths of their own hearts. The content of this chapter seems to be far away from the idea of pursuing excellence, but it should also be seen that the author's analysis of the devil's metaphor is nothing more than a description of the difficulties of the pursuit of excellence, the meaning of the hero and the metaphor of the motif of exorcism. Is to illustrate the pursuit of excellence in various forms. Finally, this paper studies the hero exorcism motif from the perspective of aesthetics. This chapter focuses on three aspects: wild romance, color of humanity and sublime of style. The author thinks that the ancient Greek hero myth is characterized by Shangli and preaches the beauty of power. The hero in their heart is the embodiment of strength. Describing heroes with childlike imagination is another important characteristic of their artistic charm. No matter the gods, heroes and demons, they all strive for true expression, showing their inner innocence. In the narrative style, the pursuit of sublime, and emphasize its majestic momentum, powerful realm. In addition, mythology emphasizes justice and extolls justice on the subject of thought, which makes the whole heroic myth permeate with a kind of surging moral tension, and fully demonstrates a kind of lofty and magnificent sense of beauty. And the purpose of these analyses is still to prove the supreme state of excellence: transcendent power, pure humanity, and sublime goodness.
【学位授予单位】：吉首大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I106.7

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