荣格原型理论下的《天边外》
发布时间：2018-10-30 11:55
【摘要】：摘要尤金·奥尼尔是美国戏剧之父,其作品题材新颖、涉及领域广阔、蕴含哲理深邃、艺术风格绚烂多彩,标志美国戏剧进入成熟阶段。奥尼尔的剧作几乎都是悲剧,且具有浓郁的自然主义、现实主义、表现主义以及精神分析等色彩。《天边外》是奥尼尔作品中的第一部多幕剧,它的出现在当时沉闷的美国戏剧界引起了轰动,并奠定了奥尼尔在美国剧坛首屈一指的地位。十九世纪八十年代以来,国内外一些学者先后采用不同理论对《天边外》进行过分析研究,本论文则是运用荣格的原型理论对作品中主人公的人格原型,原型意象及悲剧原型进行解读,从社会历史背景中深挖出主人公悲剧的根源及作品中所蕴含的悲剧意识。 荣格是分析心理学的创始人,其原型理论主要是针对人的集体无意识和心理结构进行诠释。在他的原型理论中,集体无意识包括本能和原型,本能推动行为的发生,原型则是领会和构筑经验的方式。荣格认为原型有许多表现形式,其中,人格组合中最重要的是人格面具、暗影、阿尼玛(阿尼姆斯)以及自性。本论文从这四种人格原型出发来剖析主人公罗伯特的生命历程：如何从最初的一位理想主义者蜕变成了一名现实主义者,最后走向死亡,以此揭露罗伯特的悲剧根源。同时,《天边外》中反复出现的四种原型意象：农场、大海、日落、日出,分别与主人公生命历程相连,即开拓土地、与自然抗争、肉体死亡、精神重生。本论文力图从美国社会历史与文化传统中挖掘出这四种原型意象对作品中悲剧发展的暗含之义。此外,作品中的人格原型与原型意象的作用深化了作品的悲剧色彩,且进一步体现出悲剧原型：《天边外》是古希腊悲剧和文艺复兴时期悲剧的传承,其主旨在于表达主人公的命运悲剧和性格悲剧及当时现实社会中所弥漫的悲剧意识。它所描写的悲剧不仅仅是主人公的个人悲剧,也深刻反映了当时美国万千理想主义者的人生悲剧：剧中主人公一家的悲剧不仅是单个家庭悲剧,也是二十世纪初美国万千普通家庭悲剧原型,更是当时整个美国社会悲剧的真实写照。
[Abstract]:Eugene O'Neill is the father of American drama, whose works are novel in subject matter, wide in field, profound in philosophy and colorful in artistic style, indicating that American drama has entered a mature stage. Almost all of O'Neill 's plays are tragic, and they are full of naturalism, realism, expressionism and psychoanalysis. "beyond the Sky" is the first multi-act play in O'Neill 's works. Its emergence caused a sensation in the dreary American theater and established O'Neill as the leading player in American theater. Since the 1880s, some scholars at home and abroad have adopted different theories to analyze and study "beyond the horizon". This paper uses Jung's archetypal theory to prototype the personality of the protagonist in his works. The archetypal image and the tragic archetype are interpreted to dig out the root of the hero's tragedy and the tragic consciousness in his works from the social and historical background. Jung is the founder of analytical psychology whose archetypal theory is mainly based on the interpretation of collective unconscious and psychological structure. In his archetypal theory, the collective unconscious includes instinct and archetypal, instinct promotes the occurrence of behavior, archetype is the way to understand and construct experience. Jung believes that archetypes have many forms, among which the most important in personality combination are personality mask, shadow, Anima and self. This thesis analyzes the life course of the protagonist Robert from these four personality archetypes: how to change from an idealist to a realist and finally to the death in order to reveal the root of Robert's tragedy. At the same time, four kinds of archetypal images repeatedly appear in "beyond the horizon": farm, sea, sunset and sunrise, which are connected with the life course of the protagonist, that is, opening up land, fighting with nature, dying of body, and rebirth of spirit. This thesis tries to dig out the implication of the four archetypal images to the tragic development of the works from the American social history and cultural tradition. In addition, the role of personality archetypes and archetypal images in the works deepens the tragic color of the works, and further embodies the tragic archetype: beyond the horizon is the inheritance of the ancient Greek tragedy and the Renaissance tragedy. Its purport is to express the tragic fate and character of the protagonist and the tragic consciousness permeated in the real society at that time. The tragedy it describes is not only the personal tragedy of the protagonist, but also a profound reflection of the tragedy of the American idealists at that time: the tragedy of the protagonist's family is not only a single family tragedy. It is also the prototype of American family tragedy at the beginning of the 20th century, and the true portrayal of the tragedy of the whole American society at that time.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.073
本文编号：2299942
[Abstract]:Eugene O'Neill is the father of American drama, whose works are novel in subject matter, wide in field, profound in philosophy and colorful in artistic style, indicating that American drama has entered a mature stage. Almost all of O'Neill 's plays are tragic, and they are full of naturalism, realism, expressionism and psychoanalysis. "beyond the Sky" is the first multi-act play in O'Neill 's works. Its emergence caused a sensation in the dreary American theater and established O'Neill as the leading player in American theater. Since the 1880s, some scholars at home and abroad have adopted different theories to analyze and study "beyond the horizon". This paper uses Jung's archetypal theory to prototype the personality of the protagonist in his works. The archetypal image and the tragic archetype are interpreted to dig out the root of the hero's tragedy and the tragic consciousness in his works from the social and historical background. Jung is the founder of analytical psychology whose archetypal theory is mainly based on the interpretation of collective unconscious and psychological structure. In his archetypal theory, the collective unconscious includes instinct and archetypal, instinct promotes the occurrence of behavior, archetype is the way to understand and construct experience. Jung believes that archetypes have many forms, among which the most important in personality combination are personality mask, shadow, Anima and self. This thesis analyzes the life course of the protagonist Robert from these four personality archetypes: how to change from an idealist to a realist and finally to the death in order to reveal the root of Robert's tragedy. At the same time, four kinds of archetypal images repeatedly appear in "beyond the horizon": farm, sea, sunset and sunrise, which are connected with the life course of the protagonist, that is, opening up land, fighting with nature, dying of body, and rebirth of spirit. This thesis tries to dig out the implication of the four archetypal images to the tragic development of the works from the American social history and cultural tradition. In addition, the role of personality archetypes and archetypal images in the works deepens the tragic color of the works, and further embodies the tragic archetype: beyond the horizon is the inheritance of the ancient Greek tragedy and the Renaissance tragedy. Its purport is to express the tragic fate and character of the protagonist and the tragic consciousness permeated in the real society at that time. The tragedy it describes is not only the personal tragedy of the protagonist, but also a profound reflection of the tragedy of the American idealists at that time: the tragedy of the protagonist's family is not only a single family tragedy. It is also the prototype of American family tragedy at the beginning of the 20th century, and the true portrayal of the tragedy of the whole American society at that time.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.073
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
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2 吕艺红;有形与无形的冲突——《天边外》与《原野》之比较[J];外国文学研究;1996年03期
3 冯們們;附属的“第二性”——对《天边外》的女性主义解读[J];中山大学学报论丛;1999年05期
，本文编号：2299942
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