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论严歌苓小说中的他者形象

发布时间:2018-11-04 09:46
【摘要】:著名美国华文文学作家严歌苓先后创作了《天浴》、《少女小渔》、《扶桑》、《第九个寡妇》、《小姨多鹤》、《寄居者》、《金陵十三钗》等一系列优秀的文学作品。其小说故事性强,文笔优美,雅俗共赏,备受欢迎。由于严歌苓的留美背景和国际性的视野,她的小说题材多样,小说人物中出现了很多外国人,有美国人,也有日本人。这些外国人表现出了与中国人不同的异质形象——他者形象,显示了中美文化的差异。这些异国异族形象折射了不同民族的性格特点,也反映了写作者本人及所在民族、国家自身的形象特征。从跨种族、跨文明的视域研究他者形象可以加深对人物形象的认识,对严歌苓小说的研究有一定的意义。 以严歌苓的涉外小说《金陵十三钗》、《小姨多鹤》和《扶桑》等为重点研究对象,探讨不同种族、国家的人物形象。严歌苓小说中一再出现日本人和美国人这样的他者形象。他者形象总是与自我形象相伴而生的,研究他者形象离不开自我形象的研究。所以,中国人形象、日本人形象与美国人形象的研究都囊括进他者形象的研究之中。主要的研究方法是比较文学形象学。 日本人形象中既有侵略中国的日本军人,也有伴随着侵略而来的日本普通劳动者。前者有着一贯的丑陋的、单一模式化的日本鬼子群像,后者则是复杂的,有着多重身份的女性形象——日本孤女多鹤,她身上有着日本的民族精神,同时也受到中华道家文化的熏陶。 美国人中既有傲慢而又仁慈的神父,试图拯救少女们免受日本鬼子的蹂躏;也有迷上充满异国情调的中国妓女扶桑的白人少年,还有为爱不惜放弃心爱的外交生涯的美国外交官,还有不惜放弃多年夫妻情,放弃声誉的白人系主任,他们都愿意为心爱的东方女人做个勇敢的骑士,拯救处于水深火热中的东方恋人。但他们的拯救最终都是一场空,美国拯救者的形象也轰然倒塌。 这些异国异族形象折射了不同民族的性格特点,也反映了写作者本人及所在民族、国家自身的形象特征。中国女性形象光彩照人,有以小环为代表的,,深得中国传统老庄思想的逍遥乐天派,以赵玉墨为首的勇于自我牺牲的中国圣母群像,及以扶桑为代表的在异域顽强生存下来的,充满神性的,母性的,大智若愚的,在白人眼里充满异域情调的华裔神女。以大勇为代表的中国华人男性移民是智慧的、勇猛的,充满阳刚之气,同时又是邪恶的,他颠覆了华人男子柔弱可欺,胆小怕事,对白人唯唯诺诺的猥琐形象。
[Abstract]:Yan Geling, a famous American Chinese literary writer, has created a series of outstanding literary works, such as "Sky Bath", "Little Fish for Girls", "Fusang", "Ninth Widow", "Little Aunt Duohe", "sojourner", "Thirteen Nickles in Jinling" and so on. His novel story is strong, the writing is graceful, elegant and common appreciation, is popular. Due to her background of studying in the United States and her international vision, Yan Geling has a variety of subjects in her novels, and there are many foreigners in her novels, including Americans and Japanese. These foreigners exhibit a different image from the Chinese-the other, and the cultural differences between China and the United States. These alien images reflect the characteristics of different nationalities, and also reflect the image characteristics of the writer himself, the nation and the country itself. From the perspective of cross-race and cross-civilization, the study of the image of the other can deepen the understanding of the image of the characters, and have a certain significance for the study of Yan Geling's novels. This paper focuses on Yan Geling's foreign novels, such as thirteen noblemen of Jinling, Duohe of Xiao Yi and Fusang, and discusses the characters of different races and countries. Yan Geling's novels repeatedly appear the other image of Japanese and American. The image of the other is always accompanied by the self-image, and the study of the image of the other cannot be separated from the study of self-image. Therefore, the study of Chinese image, Japanese image and American image is included in the study of other person's image. The main research method is the image science of comparative literature. The image of the Japanese includes Japanese soldiers who invaded China and ordinary Japanese workers accompanied by aggression. The former has a consistent ugliness, a single stereotype of Japanese ghosts, while the latter is a complex, multi-identity female image of a Japanese lone girl, many cranes, who has the national spirit of Japan. At the same time also by the Chinese Taoist culture edification. American priests, both arrogant and merciful, tried to save young girls from the ravages of Japanese ghosts; There are also white teenagers who are obsessed with exotic Chinese prostitute Fusang, American diplomats who give up their beloved diplomatic career for love, and white department directors who give up years of marital relationships and reputations. They are willing to make a brave knight for their beloved oriental woman and save the troubled oriental lover. But their rescues turned out to be nothing, and the image of America's saviors collapsed. These alien images reflect the characteristics of different nationalities, and also reflect the image characteristics of the writer himself, the nation and the country itself. The image of Chinese women is brilliant, represented by a small ring, deeply enjoyed by the Chinese traditional Laozhuang thought, led by Zhao Yu-mo, who was brave to sacrifice herself, and who, represented by Fusang, survived stubbornly in a foreign land. God-filled, motherly, intelligent, exotic Chinese goddess in white eyes. Chinese male immigrants, represented by the great courage, are wise, brave, masculine and evil. He subverts the Chinese man's image of being weak, timid, and obedient to the white man.
【学位授予单位】:河南师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2013
【分类号】:I712.074

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