论黑塞早中期小说中的女性救赎

发布时间：2019-01-04 13:42

【摘要】：赫尔曼·黑塞（Hermann Hesse，1877-1962）是20世纪德国杰出的浪漫主义作家，被誉为“德国浪漫派的最后一位骑士”。黑塞深受浪漫主义影响，他将自己的小说称为“心灵传记”，在其创作中始终关注人与世界、与自身的关系，因此其小说全方位地展现了不同阶段的人与外界的矛盾以及因此产生的救赎渴望。本论文试图从黑塞的个人经历和思想入手，借助女性形象的分析，从自然之女、欲望的张扬、生活之母的伟大想象等三个层面上历时性地探讨黑塞小说中的女性救赎观念，并将其救赎道路的展开置于特定的时代背景和文学传统中，发掘其女性救赎背后独特的文化内涵及精神意义。论文主体分成四个部分，为四章。第一章主要从共时和历时两个角度，从黑塞的个人经历和文化传统两个方面入手，探究黑塞在个人与时代危机中的救赎意识的产生，并将作家置于文学传统中进行观照，指出其以女性为依托的救赎意识实际上来源于作家对浪漫主义文学传统即先代诗哲智慧的有益吸收。第二章以作家的早期作品《彼得·卡门青》为例，重点借用了生态女性主义和弗洛姆“爱的哲学”的某些观点，指出青年对心灵家园的困惑与追寻是其救赎的发轫，由此这一时期的女性典型地带有自然特性，正是在这个维度上，女性为男性指明了救赎之路，即爱的哲学。第三章以黑塞代表作之一的《荒原狼》为主要分析对象，是本文论述的重点和难点。本章以荣格的原型分析理论为架构，试图从原型角度论述小说中男性的分裂与冲突以及女性阿尼玛原型所具有的救赎意义，在此基础上揭示出黑塞这一时期的“幽默哲学”，其本质是一种苦难哲学和超越哲学。第四章着重探讨《纳尔齐斯与歌尔德蒙》中的女性救赎主题。首先借用尼采“成为你自己”的道德哲学来分析小说主人公歌尔德蒙的救赎之路的展开，即对真实自我的认识。在此过程中，，女性扮演艺术和性爱女神，并在作家的塑造中成就了生活之母的伟大想象，第三节重点论述小说中体现的死亡哲学，即关于生与死、死与爱的关系。由此黑塞在技术与理性的时代氛围中，通过对感性之爱与死亡的吟唱，在一个审美的世界中表现了自身对个体救赎的内在探索。
[Abstract]:Hermann Hesse,1877-1962 is an outstanding German Romantic writer in 20 ~ (th) century, known as "the Last Knight of German Romanticism". Deeply influenced by romanticism, Hesse called his novels "biographies of the mind". In his works, he always paid attention to the relationship between people and the world and themselves. Therefore, his novels show the contradiction between people and the outside world and the redemption desire. This thesis attempts to discuss the concept of female redemption in Hesse's novels diachronically from three levels: the daughter of nature, the publicity of desire and the great imagination of the mother of life, starting from the personal experience and thoughts of Hesse, with the help of the analysis of the female image. And put the development of its redemption road in the specific background of the times and literary tradition, explore its female redemption behind the unique cultural connotation and spiritual significance. The main body of the paper is divided into four parts, four chapters. The first chapter mainly from two angles of synchronic and diachronic, from two aspects of Hesse's personal experience and cultural tradition, explores the emergence of Hesse's salvation consciousness in the crisis of the individual and the times, and puts the writer in the literary tradition for reflection. The author points out that her redeemable consciousness based on women actually comes from the writer's beneficial absorption of the tradition of romantic literature, that is, the wisdom of poetry and philosophy in the early dynasties. The second chapter takes the early works of Peter Carmen Ching as an example, mainly borrows some viewpoints of eco-feminism and Fromm's "philosophy of love", and points out that the confusion and pursuit of youth's spiritual homeland is the starting point of his salvation. Therefore, women in this period have the characteristic of nature. It is in this dimension that women point out the way of salvation for men, that is, the philosophy of love. The third chapter, which is one of Hesse's masterpieces, takes the Wolf in the wilderness as the main analysis object, which is the focus and difficulty of this paper. Based on Jung's archetypal analysis theory, this chapter attempts to discuss the male division and conflict in the novel and the redemption significance of the female Anima archetype from the perspective of archetype. On this basis, it reveals Heather's "philosophy of humor" in this period. Its essence is a philosophy of suffering and transcendence. Chapter four focuses on the theme of female redemption in Nalces and Goldermonde. Firstly, the moral philosophy of Nietzsche "be yourself" is used to analyze the unfolding of the salvation road of the protagonist Goldermonde, that is, the understanding of the true self. In this process, women play the role of goddess of art and sex, and achieve the great imagination of the mother of life in the creation of writers. The third section focuses on the philosophy of death embodied in the novel, that is, the relationship between life and death, death and love. Thus, in the atmosphere of technology and reason, through the singing of sensual love and death, Hessel expresses his inner exploration of individual salvation in an aesthetic world.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I522.074

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