《追忆似水年华》中的犹太人问题

发布时间：2019-02-21 10:13

【摘要】：普鲁斯特是20世纪法国最重要的的作家之一,有关其作品《追忆似水年华》的研究可谓异彩纷呈。本篇论文从“犹太人”这个角度入手,更深层次地挖掘作者内心对犹太人母亲的复杂情感,对自己犹太身份的矛盾情绪。更主要的是结合《追忆似水年华》中的两个具有代表性的犹太人物分析犹太人在当时法国社会的现实处境和心理历程。作品中的斯万和布洛克虽然都是犹太人,但是由于家庭背景、成长环境、心理历程等方面的不同,他们为进入上流社会付出了不同程度的代价。但是无论他们怎么努力,他们与犹太群体的命运始终牵连在一起难以割裂,有太多不可把握的现实会限制到他们自身的发展,限制民族处境的彻底改变。论文还结合当时重要的历史事件——德雷福斯事件分析其对整个犹太民族的影响,这不仅涉及到普鲁斯特对犹太人的态度转变,更是作者笔下两个犹太人物的命运转折点。叙述者详细地描述了这起事件的经过,更重要的是生动反映了当时的上流社会以及普通民众对犹太民族的态度。我们可以看出犹太人苦苦融入的社会并没有给他们提供切实的保护和公平的对待,他们面临的始终是赤裸裸的政治阴谋和种族排斥。这是一个矛盾复杂的民族,他们承载着一代代的希望,肩负着难以计数的压力。可是也正因为如此,犹太文化在长期的历史冲击下,得以不断地丰富和发展,犹太文明成为了欧美历史上一道璀璨而独特的风景。
[Abstract]:Proust is one of the most important writers in France in the 20th century. From the perspective of "Jew", this paper explores the author's complex feelings for Jewish mothers and contradictory emotions about his Jewish identity. The more important thing is to analyze the realistic situation and psychological process of Jews in French society. Although Swan and Bullock are both Jews in their works, they pay different price for entering the upper class society because of the differences in family background, growing environment, psychological process and so on. But no matter how hard they try, it is hard to separate them from the fate of the Jewish community, and there are too many uncertain realities that limit their own development and limit the radical change in the national situation. The paper also analyzes the influence of Dreyfus event on the whole Jewish nation, which not only involves the change of Proust's attitude towards the Jews, but also the turning point of the fate of the two Jewish objects described by the author. The narrator described the incident in detail and, more importantly, vividly reflected the attitudes of the upper class and the general public towards the Jewish people. We can see that Jews' bitter integration does not provide them with real protection and fair treatment, and they always face naked political conspiracy and racial exclusion. This is a contradictory and complex nation, carrying generations of hope and uncountable pressure. However, because of this, Jewish culture has been enriched and developed continuously under the impact of long history, and Jewish civilization has become a brilliant and unique landscape in the history of Europe and America.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I565.06

【共引文献】