青少年物理科普图书内容及呈现形式的研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 06:09

本文关键词： 青少年物理科普内容结构呈现形式　出处：《西南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪以来,物理科学在宏观世界、微观世界领域不断深入探索,其取得的巨大成就已经飞速的推动了科学技术的发展和社会文明的进步。面对知识经济全球化、信息技术共享的时代机遇和挑战,物理教育应紧跟时代步伐,尤其是作为祖国未来的青少年的物理教育更要着重关注。而青少年物理科普图书作为青少年物理教育的一种重要学习资源,其本身的内容和呈现形式都值得关注和了解。本文主要通过内容分析法对当下青少年物理科普图书的内容和呈现形式进行定性和定量的研究。研究一通过梳理2009-2014年的青少年物理科普图书,依据图书本身的物理内容,将其分为青少年物理知识类科普图书、青少年物理实验类科普图书和青少年物理史类科普图书,并据此选取样本作为研究材料。研究二以所选取的青少年物理科普图书样本为研究对象,从书中内容所选入知识点的数量、知识点的出现频次来进行分析,通过内容分析法探讨青少年物理科普图书中选入知识点与中学物理内容设置的关系。经过分析,得到以下结论:(1)青少年物理科普图书的内容结构主要含有三个一级主题:物质、运动与相互作用、能量。细化主题,有近一半的内容属于二级主题机械运动与力、声和光的范围。(2)青少年物理科普图书中易被编写的内容绝大多数集中在一级主题物质、运动与相互作用、能量,且运动与相互作用主题中所含知识点出现频次最高。细化主题,二级主题机械运动与力中所含知识点出现频次最高。总之,青少年物理科普图书的整体结构和分布与中学物理课程的内容结构设置相关,且选入的内容中绝大多数属于初中物理课程的内容,有少部分是属于高中物理课程的内容。研究三以所选取的青少年物理科普图书样本为研究对象,从图书内容的文字、图片、版面结构等视觉要素来进行分析,通过内容分析法归纳出图书呈现形式的特点,同时以问卷调查的方式来考察中学生对物理科普图书呈现形式的需求。通过分析,得到以下结论:(1)图书标题和正文多采用严谨统一的文字形式,其它的小栏目采用多样化的文字形式,而问卷调查的结果显示青少年更青睐于标题采用多样且具有特色的文字形式。图书每页的字数多为200-400字之间,这与读者的需求一致。(2)图书中多使用绘画图片,其次是摄影图片与几何图片,这与读者的需求一致。另外,物理实验类科普图书的单页图片数量最多,其次是物理知识类科普图书。(3)图书的版面结构分为两种:第一种为版面中的文字所占份额大于图片份额,但是空白相对较大;第二种为版面中的文字所占份额小于或等于图片份额,但空白相对较小。总之,青少年物理科普图书的呈现形式表现多样,且各具自身特色。通过问卷调查,发现最受青少年欢迎的呈现形式为:大段的文字占据版面,同时也有很多图片围绕文字安放,其中文字在版面中所占的比例与图片相差不大。
[Abstract]:Since twentieth Century, the physical sciences in the macroscopic world, the micro world continues to explore, great achievements have promoted the rapid development of science and technology and the progress of social civilization. Facing the globalization of knowledge economy, information technology sharing era of opportunities and challenges, physical education should keep pace with the times, especially as the physical education in the future the young people of the motherland should focus on. Teenagers physical science books as an important learning resources for youth physical education, its content and form are worthy of attention and understanding. The main contents of this research method on the current youth physical science books and forms of qualitative and quantitative research through content analysis. A comb through 2009-2014 years of youth physical science books, based on the physical content of the book itself, which can be divided into adolescent physical Knowledge of popular science books, adolescent physical experiment class of popular science books and teenagers physical history of popular science books, and then select the sample as the research materials. In study two selected adolescent physical science book samples as the research object, the knowledge of the number selected from the contents of the book, the knowledge point frequency analysis, to investigate the relationship between adolescent physical science books in high school physics knowledge points and the content set through the content analysis method. Through the analysis, we get the following conclusions: (1) the content and structure of youth physical science books mainly contains three primary themes: substance, movement and interaction energy. To refine the theme, nearly half of the content two belong to the subject of mechanical motion and force, the range of sound and light. (2) to write the contents of youth physical science books mostly focused on a subject matter, movement and interaction Energy, knowledge, and free movement and interaction theme appearing in the highest frequency. The theme of knowledge refinement, including two subjects of mechanical motion and force in the highest frequency of occurrence. In short, juvenile physical science books overall structure and distribution of the high school physics curriculum content structure set, and selected content most belong to the junior middle school physics curriculum content, a small part is belongs to the high school physics curriculum content. In study three selected adolescent physical science book samples as the research object, the picture from the book content, text, layout and other visual elements to analyze, summarize the characteristics of book forms by content analysis at the same time, by way of questionnaire survey to examine the students presented in the form of demand for physical science books. Through the analysis, we get the following conclusions: (1) the book title and text by rigorous system A small column of text form, using a variety of other forms of literature, and the results of the questionnaire survey show that young people prefer the title of a diverse and distinctive writing. Each page of the book is 200-400 the number of words between the words, and the needs of readers. (2) use the painting a picture book, followed by photography and geometric pictures, this and the needs of readers. In addition, the number of single page picture books the most popular science physics experiment, followed by physical knowledge of popular science books. (3) the layout of books is divided into two kinds: the first one is the layout of the text in the picture is greater than the share share, but relatively blank large; second species accounted for by the layout of text share is less than or equal to share pictures, but the gap is relatively small. In a word, showing the form of youth physical science books and have their own characteristics and diversity, through the questionnaire. The survey found that the most popular form of teenagers is: large text occupies the layout, and there are many pictures placed around the text. The proportion of text in the layout is not very different from that of the picture.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.7

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