基于批判性思维的高中议论文写作教学研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 20:06

  本文选题：批判性思维　切入点：高中　出处：《南京师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：思考是人的本质特征之一,有效思考可以促成人价值的形成。公民在思考基础上,掌握有效的说理能力能够促进社会的理性、开放、民主。从今天发达国家教育实践与经验看,批判性思维是现代公民素质教育的重要议题。高中阶段,学生学习议论文写作,就是学习有效地说理。有效说理能力不是与生俱来的,而是通过后天教育形成的。有效说理不仅需要文章学的知识,也需要具备批判性思维技能。本文以批判性思维为视角,围绕高中议论文写作教学,针对四个问题展开研究:一、批判性思维中有哪些常见思维形式需要引入高中议论文教学。二、高中学生在议论文写作中常常会有哪些思维缺陷,以及对这些缺陷,能否进行分析、归纳。三、批判性思维方式如何与高中议论文教学原有课程融合。四、反思引入批判性思维后的高中议论文教学与写作,是否会出现新的问题,及如何解决这些问题。全文共分为五章:首先,对当代高中议论文写作教学现状与思考。当代高中议论文写作的主要矛盾是学生理性思维与议论文说理要求之间的矛盾。议论文写作目标是追求理性思维,崇尚理性应是议论文写作的核心价值。我们应能历史地审视写作课程基础,重新发现议论文写作的当代意义,重视对议论文写作理性价值的重构。其次,讨论了高中思辨性议论文写作课程建设。思辨性议论文写作课程既需要写作课程,也需要阅读课程。该章将从课程视角,从写作教材、读本、教师、评价四个角度对议论文写作如何有机融入批判性思维进行研究。再次,针对高中生议论文写作谬误展开研究。该部分从课程思考转向具体的写作实践,从主张、原因、推理三个方面归纳学生议论文写作的谬误,并研究相应解决方法。然后,提出高中生议论文写作策略,试图回答写作应注意哪些原则及具体操作策略问题。为了避免批判性思维中立性带来的立场缺乏,我们应在基本的伦理观念、人文视角基础上提出鲜明的主张。作为对第二章的回应,本章将对议论文五个核心要素中的分析和论证做进一步讨论。最后,批判性思维在具体使用中有什么需要注意的原则,其与思辨又是怎样的关系,注重文章的逻辑会不会导致失去文采,这些都是基于批判性思维的写作教学研究面临的问题。本章将对这些问题做出思考与回应。
[Abstract]:Thinking is one of the essential characteristics of the formation of effective thinking can promote adult values. Citizens in the thinking basis, grasp the reasoning ability effectively to promote social rational, open and democratic. From today's developed countries education practice and experience, critical thinking is an important issue in the modern quality education. Public high school students study of argumentative writing, is to learn effective reasoning. Effective reasoning ability is not innate, but acquired through the formation of education. Not only need the effective reasoning of knowledge, but also need to have critical thinking skills. In this paper, from the perspective of critical thinking, focusing on the teaching of argumentative writing, study the four issue a: what are the common form of thinking requires the introduction of argumentative teaching critical thinking in senior high school students. Two, what are the thinking defects in argumentative writing often, And these defects can be summarized. Three, analysis, critical thinking way and argumentative teaching of original curriculum integration. In four, after the introduction of critical thinking and Reflection on high school teaching and writing papers, whether there will be new problems, and how to solve these problems. The thesis is divided into five chapters: first of all, on the status of contemporary high school teaching of writing and thinking of the contemporary high school debate. The main contradiction is the contradiction between the writing requirements of the students' rational thinking and reasoning. On the argumentative writing goal is the pursuit of rational thinking, advocating rational is the core value of argumentative writing. We should be able to look at the history of writing course based discovery the contemporary significance of argumentative writing, pay attention to reconstruction of argumentative writing and rational value. Secondly, discussed the senior speculative discussion on constructing a writing course. The speculative argumentative writing curriculum 闇，

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