新课程化学课堂教学的困惑分析与策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 21:44

本文选题：新课程 + 化学　；参考：《陕西理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本课题主要围绕我国当前的考试文化背景和新课程改革背景,深入探究了高中化学教师在化学教学实践中所面临的具体的化学课堂教学困惑问题。新课程改革已历经十多年,然而笔者在为期一学期的一线教育实习过程中,亲眼目睹了一线化学教师的教学现状与新课程改革的要求差距很大,笔者认为该问题亟待解决。本研究主要采用课堂观察法和问卷调查法,以访谈法为辅的方法对新课程化学课堂教学困惑问题进行分析。研究分析表明目前我国高中化学教师在化学课堂教学过程中,主要面临教学内容处理、教学方式运用等两大块困惑问题。总结得出教学内容方面存在的问题;(1)高中化学选修和必修部分内容重复,难度差距大,难以把握教学内容的深度和广度;(2)教材编排困惑。新版高中化学教材图文过多,内容浅显和目标测试高考水平相差较大;(3)教学任务与教学质量的困惑。教学内容量大,涉及知识面广,课时少,教学任务难完成,教学质量难以保证;(4)化学是一门“新语言”特点鲜明,学生学习化学困难大,信心不足。探究教学存在的问题:(1)基础教育设施不完善,探究教学仍停留在嘴上(2)班级人多,开展探究教学难。时间紧探究效果不明显;(3)长期灌输式教学,学生思维定势严重,课堂探究实施难。针对存在的化学课堂教学困惑问题,主要从教育理念、教师、学生等三个层面分析了产生该问题的原因。最后提出了有针对性地解决高中化学教师化学课堂教学困惑问题的建议:(1)明确专家编写意图,认识模块功能,深度解读教材;(2)依据学情,紧扣目标抓住重点、难点,合理舍弃部分内容;(3)创造性高效地使用教材,精心组织教学设计。(4)关注教育艺术,“成功体验教育”促自信;(5)积极呼吁政府加大投资;(6)精心设计探究活动,探究活动做到“精、适量、典型”;(7)明确目标严格组织,合理调控任务落实到个人,适当奖惩。希望通过帮助一线化学教师解决当前的化学课堂教学困惑问题,能为提升教师的教育教学水平提供参考。
[Abstract]:This topic mainly revolves around our country present examination culture background and the new curriculum reform background, has deeply explored the high school chemistry teacher in the chemistry teaching practice to face the concrete chemistry classroom teaching confusion question. The new curriculum reform has gone through more than ten years. However, in the course of the first-line teaching practice for one semester, the author has witnessed the gap between the current teaching situation of the first-line chemistry teachers and the requirements of the new curriculum reform. The author thinks that this problem needs to be solved urgently. This research mainly adopts classroom observation method and questionnaire survey method, supplemented by interview method, to analyze the puzzling problems in the new curriculum chemistry classroom teaching. The research and analysis show that the chemistry teachers in senior high school in our country are faced with two major puzzling problems, such as the treatment of teaching contents and the application of teaching methods in the process of chemistry classroom teaching. It is concluded that the existing problems in teaching content are: 1) the repetition of some contents of chemistry elective and compulsory course in senior high school, the difficulty gap, and the difficulty in grasping the depth and breadth of the teaching content are 2) the puzzlement of teaching material arrangement. The teaching task and teaching quality of the new high school chemistry textbook are puzzled by the fact that there are too many pictures and texts in the new edition, and the content is obvious and the level of the college entrance examination is quite different from that of the goal test. The teaching has a large capacity, involving a wide range of knowledge, less class hours, difficult to complete teaching tasks, difficult to ensure the quality of teaching chemistry is a "new language" with distinct characteristics, students have great difficulty in learning chemistry and lack of confidence. The existing problem of inquiry teaching is that the basic education facilities are not perfect, the inquiry teaching is still in the mouth and there are many students in the class, so it is difficult to carry out inquiry teaching. The effect of time-tight inquiry is not obvious. 3) long-term infusion teaching, students' thinking pattern is serious, and classroom inquiry is difficult to implement. In view of the puzzling problem in chemistry classroom teaching, this paper analyzes the causes of the problem from three aspects: educational idea, teacher and student. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions to solve chemistry classroom teaching puzzles of chemistry teachers in senior high school. (1) make clear the writing intention of experts, understand the function of modules, and interpret the teaching materials deeply according to the situation of learning, grasp the key points and difficulties in keeping up with the goals. Giving up some contents reasonably and efficiently) using teaching materials creatively and efficiently, organizing teaching design meticulously to pay attention to the art of education, "successful experience education" promoting self-confidence and 5) actively calling on the government to increase investment in designing inquiry activities, so that inquiry activities can be "refined," Appropriate amount, typical "Li" 7) clear goals strict organization, reasonable control tasks to the individual, appropriate rewards and punishments. It is hoped that by helping first-line chemistry teachers to solve the puzzling problems in chemistry classroom teaching at present, it can provide a reference for improving teachers' educational and teaching level.
【学位授予单位】：陕西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.8

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