喀什市初中汉校教育惩罚现状与对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 13:46

本文选题：民族地区 + 初中　；参考：《喀什大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：惩罚作为育人的手段之一,自学校诞生起就与之相伴而生,惩罚对于学校教育具有十分重要的意义。在现代教育理念的冲击下,教育惩罚越来越成为大众口诛笔伐的对象。但纵观学校教育实践,教育惩罚不仅长期存在,而且每当人们弱化教育惩罚时,学校教育就会问题叠出。所谓教育惩罚指学校教育工作者在保证受教育者身心健康的基础上,从受教育者的过错入手,通过体验不愉快的方式让受教育者改变或矫正不良行为的一种教育方法。它既不同于社会惩罚,也不同于体罚与变相体罚,对受教育者的惩罚具有合理适度性。为此,学校实践层面迫切需要为教育惩罚作出合理的辩护。通过对喀什市两所汉族初级中学师生的调查和访谈发现,师生均认为教育惩罚有存在的必要。但在具体的学校教育实践中确实也存在着对体罚与变相体罚认识模糊、体罚时有发生、教师的主观随意性惩罚较多、教育惩罚的工具性作用显著、对教师惩罚学生后的改变情况缺乏监测与反馈、教育惩罚为流行教育理念所驱逐等突出问题。而引起这些问题的主要原因在于从立法到用法各环节均存在欠缺、流行教育理念对教育惩罚形成冲击、社会舆论影响教育惩罚的有效实施、应试机制对体罚推波助澜作用显著、教师的教育智慧修炼不足等方面。在深入分析如上原因的基础上,从学校内外两大维度入手,提出了具体应对的六大策略:完善教育法律法规对教育惩罚问题的具体规定、舆论媒体对教育惩罚的态度应理性、家长应与学校相互配合、学校应制定出合适的教育惩罚管理策略、以多元化的教师考核标准制约教师滥用惩罚权,以及磨炼教师的惩罚艺术以取得良好的效果性。
[Abstract]:Punishment, as one of the means of educating people, has been accompanied by the school since it was born, and it is of great significance to school education. Under the impact of modern educational concept, educational punishment has become the object of public criticism. But throughout the practice of school education, educational punishment not only exists for a long time, but also when people weaken the punishment of education, school education will be stacked. The so-called educational punishment is a kind of educational method that the educatee can change or correct the bad behavior by experiencing the unpleasant way on the basis of guaranteeing the physical and mental health of the educatee and starting with the educatee's fault. It is not only different from social punishment, but also different from corporal punishment and disguised corporal punishment. Therefore, the school practice level urgently needs to make the reasonable defense for the education punishment. Through the investigation and interview of teachers and students of two Han junior middle schools in Kashi, it is found that both teachers and students believe that educational punishment is necessary. However, in the specific practice of school education, there is a vague understanding of corporal punishment and disguised corporal punishment, which occurs from time to time, and teachers have more subjective and arbitrary punishment, and the instrumental role of educational punishment is remarkable. There is a lack of monitoring and feedback on the change of teachers' punishment of students, and the educational punishment is expelled by the popular educational idea. The main causes of these problems lie in the deficiency of every link from legislation to usage, the impact of popular educational idea on educational punishment, the influence of public opinion on the effective implementation of educational punishment, and the remarkable contribution of examination-oriented mechanism to corporal punishment. The teacher's education wisdom training is insufficient and so on. On the basis of deep analysis of the above reasons, this paper starts with the two dimensions inside and outside the school, and puts forward six strategies to deal with the problem: perfecting the specific provisions of educational laws and regulations on the issue of educational punishment, and the media's attitude towards educational punishment should be rational. Parents and schools should cooperate with each other, and schools should formulate appropriate educational punishment management strategies, restrict teachers' abuse of punishment power by diversified teacher assessment standards, and temper teachers' punishment art in order to achieve good results.
【学位授予单位】：喀什大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G635.1

【参考文献】