基于学生学习困难调查和试题分析的有机化学有效教学策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 10:28

本文选题：学习困难 + 试题分析　；参考：《云南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：有机化学是高中化学的重要组成部分,能较好的体现化学学科的思维方法。有机化学是高中化学教学中的重点、难点,在高考中占有重要的地位,并且是高考三个选考模块中选择人数最多的模块,但学生从无机化学向有机化学学习“方法迁移”上存在困难。因此,对有机化学有效教学策略的研究具有重要意义。本研究笔者首先收集已有的高中有机化学教学方面的文献,接着分析文献,找出已有文献的不足,确定有机化学研究的方向。然后,笔者从两方面出发:一是对学生学习困难的分析。笔者首先编制开放性问卷,调查高二及高三两个年级的学生在学习有机化学时存在的困难。接着,通过整理开放性调查的问卷,梳理出学生们在有机化学学习时存在的主要问题,并找困难的成因。二是对2012至2016年近五年的全国新课标高考卷中的有机化学部分进行分析。从而对有机化学在高考中的考点、考频进行统计并分析学生的失分原因。接着将学生学习困难调查和有机试题分析相结合,并在信息加工学习理论、建构主义学习理论、学习迁移理论、认知发现学习理论的理论支撑上提出有机化学教学方面的一些教学策略:知识网络构建策略、有机模型建构策略(有机物空间立体结构模型、同分异构体模型、有机推断模型、有机合成模型)提升学习迁移的策略。最终突破有机教学中的重难点,以期给一线教师提供参考。
[Abstract]:Organic chemistry is an important part of high school chemistry, which can better reflect the thinking method of chemistry. Organic chemistry is the key and difficult point in chemistry teaching in senior high school. It occupies an important position in the college entrance examination, and it is the module with the largest number of people selected among the three modules of the college entrance examination. However, it is difficult for students to transfer from inorganic chemistry to organic chemistry. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the effective teaching strategies of organic chemistry. In this study, the author first collected the existing literature on the teaching of organic chemistry in senior high schools, then analyzed the literature, found out the shortcomings of the existing literature, and determined the direction of the research of organic chemistry. Then, the author from two aspects: first, the analysis of students' learning difficulties. The author first compiled an open questionnaire to investigate the difficulties existing in the study of organic chemistry in Grade 2 and Grade 3 students. Then, by sorting out the open questionnaire, the main problems existing in the study of organic chemistry are sorted out, and the causes of the difficulties are found. The second is to analyze the organic chemistry in the college entrance examination volume of the national new curriculum standard for nearly five years from 2012 to 2016. So the organic chemistry in the college entrance examination, the frequency of the test statistics and analysis of the reasons for students' losing points. Then, combining the investigation of students' learning difficulties with the analysis of organic test questions, and in the information processing learning theory, constructivism learning theory, learning transfer theory, On the theoretical support of cognitive discovery learning theory, some teaching strategies in organic chemistry teaching are put forward: knowledge network construction strategy, organic model construction strategy (organic space three-dimensional structure model, isomer model, organic inference model). Organic synthesis model) to improve learning transfer strategies. Finally break through the important and difficult points in organic teaching, in order to provide reference for teachers.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.8

【参考文献】