新课改以来中学语文乡土教育的现状与反思

发布时间：2019-01-05 00:04

【摘要】：每个人心中都应该存有一个乡土世界,留有一份乡土情怀。因为乡土是个人情感的发源地,也是个人精神的栖居地。体现在语文教学中的乡土教育,是以培养学生认识乡土,认识自我到认同乡土,热爱乡土为目标的一种教育模式。课本是学校教育中师生学习的资源,融入语文课本中的乡土资源来源于乡土社会环境,容易吸引学生的关注,引发学生对自己故乡的回忆和思考,是语文教师开展乡土教育的基础。所以,语文教师应该充分地挖掘和利用课本的乡土资源,开展有效的乡土教育。本文主要以乡土教育为研究对象,通过分析当前中学语文乡土教育的教学现状,发现其存在的主要问题。全文共分为四大部分:第一部分是绪论。从选题的提出、研究综述、研究的目的与内容方面进行简要阐释。第二部分是对乡土和乡土社会,乡土教育和语文乡土教育的观点进行界定。分析与语文乡土教育有关的四个概念问题,并提出语文乡土教育的三个教学目标。第三部分是本论文的主体部分。此部分细分为三个板块。第一板块主要分析人教版初中语文教材的体例结构和培养目标,发现其培养目标和本论文语文乡土教育的目标有相同之处,可见把乡土教育融入语文教学的构思是可行的。第二板块主要分析乡土资源在语文教材中的分布情况,得出人教版初中语文教材蕴含较为丰富的乡土资源,乡土资源一方面集中在两个主题单元的设计中,另一方面分散在乡土作家的选文中。第三部分通过分析具体的教案《故乡》《土地的誓言》之后,发现蕴含在教材中的乡土资源没有得到语文教师的重视,反映在教案中的情况是乡土资源使用率低,甚至出现乡土资源误用和混用的情况。第四部分是针对乡土教育在语文教学研究中的现状,提出自己的思考。主要有两个板块,第一个板块是中学语文乡土教育存在的问题,教师乡土意识淡薄;教师乡土情感的政治化与简单化处理;学生对故乡出现疏离感;学生的故乡情感体验不深刻等。第二个板块是中学语文实施乡土教育的途径,主要有教师加强乡土教育认识、更新观念以及利用乡土资源丰富学生的作文素材等方面。
[Abstract]:Everyone should have a local world in their hearts, leaving a local feeling. Because native land is the birthplace of individual emotion, is also the dwelling place of individual spirit. The local education embodied in Chinese teaching is a kind of educational mode which aims to train students to know the native land, to recognize themselves to identify with the native land, and to love the native land. Textbooks are the learning resources of teachers and students in school education. The local resources in Chinese textbooks come from the local social environment, which are apt to attract students' attention and arouse students' memories and thoughts of their hometown. It is the foundation for Chinese teachers to carry out local education. Therefore, Chinese teachers should fully excavate and utilize the local resources of textbooks and carry out effective local education. This article mainly takes the local education as the research object, through analyzes the present middle school Chinese native education teaching present situation, discovers its existence main question. The thesis is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction. From the topics proposed, a summary of the study, the purpose and content of a brief explanation. The second part defines the views of local and local society, local education and Chinese native education. This paper analyzes four conceptual problems related to Chinese native education, and puts forward three teaching objectives of Chinese native education. The third part is the main part of this paper. This section is subdivided into three plates. The first section mainly analyzes the style structure and the training goal of the junior middle school Chinese teaching material, and finds that there are similarities between the training goal and the Chinese native education goal in this paper, so it is feasible to integrate the native education into the Chinese teaching. The second section mainly analyzes the distribution of the local resources in the Chinese teaching materials, and draws the conclusion that the junior middle school Chinese teaching materials contain abundant local resources. On the one hand, the local resources are concentrated in the design of the two theme units. On the other hand, it is scattered in the selected articles of local writers. The third part through the analysis of the specific teaching plan "hometown" the oath of the land ", found that the local resources contained in the textbooks did not get the attention of the Chinese teachers, reflected in the situation in the teaching plan is the low utilization rate of local resources. Even the misuse of local resources and mixed use of the situation. In the fourth part, the author puts forward his own thinking on the present situation of local education in Chinese teaching research. There are two main plates. The first plate is the problems in the local education of Chinese in middle school. The teachers' local consciousness is weak; the politicization and simplification of teachers' local emotion; the students' sense of alienation towards their hometown; The emotional experience of students' hometown is not profound. The second part is the way to carry out local education in middle school Chinese, which mainly includes teachers' understanding of local education, renewing ideas and enriching students' composition materials by using local resources.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3

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