“兴发感动”说对高中古代诗词教学的启示
发布时间：2019-01-13 09:33
【摘要】：高中语文课程标准要求以促进语文核心素养的全面发展为语文学科的最终目标。语文核心素养包含语言建构与运用、思维发展与提升、审美鉴赏与创造、文化传承与理解四个发展层面,在语言中锻炼思维,在文化中锻炼审美,相互联系又相互促进。在语文教学中,从教学目标的设置到评价标准的设计,都致力于学生的全面发展。从“诗三百”的集结成册到“小词”的应运而生,古代诗词承载了中华民族优秀文化和传统民族精神。我国流传千年的古代诗词是培养与提升语文核心素养的重点教学文本。高中阶段的学生不管生理上还是心理上都处于迅速成熟的重要发展时期,古代诗词蕴藏生生不息的精神力量,凝结了前人的优秀文化知识涵养,是指导学生成长与发展的优良范本。在教学中发展和传承诗词文化,在学习中汲取古代诗词的精神力量,这是当代教育者思考与研究的重点。本文依托于“兴发感动”说的表现方式、三个层次、评判标准等主要理论,分析叶嘉莹讲演式教学和“兴发感动”说指导的教学实例,从诗人的写和读者的读两个方面来研究高中古代诗词教学。运用访谈的方式对高中一线教师和学生进行调查,运用语境分析和文献分析等方法来研究高中古代诗词教学案例,综合分析了江苏省2010—2016年份高考语文对古代诗词部分的考查,明晰了当代高中古代诗词教学存在教学中缺乏系统鉴赏策略、丢失传统诵读方法、学生学习方法固化等问题。在改善高中古代诗词教学现状的策略研究中将从教师的教与学生的学两个方面出发,以完善鉴赏策略,优化教学方法为主要任务,建议在课堂教学中创设情境还原诗词中情与景,引导学生结合生活体验展开联想感发与诗词,调动学生的学习主动性,指导学生诵读感悟诗词,拓展学生的学习视野,从而激发学生学习古代诗词的兴趣,培养学生传承与发展古代诗词的能力,进而满足学生多元化学习需求,提升学生语文综合能力。在实践应用部分,以苏教版高中语文必修教材的《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》为例,展示教学设计;以苏教版高中语文选修教材的沉郁顿挫的杜甫诗专题为例,设计古代诗词专题活动。
[Abstract]:The Chinese curriculum standard of senior high school requires promoting the overall development of Chinese core accomplishment as the ultimate goal of Chinese subject. Chinese core literacy includes language construction and application, thought development and promotion, aesthetic appreciation and creation, cultural inheritance and understanding. In Chinese teaching, from the setting of teaching objectives to the design of evaluation standards, all of them are devoted to the all-round development of students. From the accumulation of "three hundred poems" to the emergence of "small words", ancient poetry carried the excellent culture and traditional national spirit of the Chinese nation. Ancient poetry, which has been circulating in China for thousands of years, is the key teaching text to cultivate and promote the core accomplishment of Chinese. Students in senior high school are in an important period of rapid and mature development, both physically and psychologically. The ancient poems contain endless spiritual power and condense the excellent cultural knowledge of predecessors. Is the guidance student growth and the development fine model. Developing and inheriting poetry culture in teaching and absorbing the spiritual power of ancient poetry in learning is the focus of contemporary educators' thinking and research. Based on the main theories of "Xingfa moving" theory, including three levels and evaluation criteria, this paper analyzes the teaching examples of Ye Jiaying's lecture teaching and the guidance of "Xingfa moving" theory. From the poet's writing and the reader's reading two aspects to study the high school ancient poetry teaching. Using interviews to investigate teachers and students in senior high school, using context analysis and literature analysis to study the teaching cases of ancient poetry in senior high school. This paper comprehensively analyzes the part of ancient poetry in the college entrance examination of Jiangsu Province from 2010-2016, and clarifies the problems in the teaching of ancient poetry in contemporary senior high school, such as the lack of systematic appreciation strategy, the loss of traditional reading methods, the solidification of students' learning methods, and so on. In the strategy research of improving the present situation of the teaching of ancient poetry in senior high school, the main task is to perfect the appreciation strategy and optimize the teaching method from the two aspects of teachers' teaching and students' learning. It is suggested that setting up situation to restore emotion and scenery in poetry in classroom teaching, guiding students to combine their life experience with associative thoughts and poems, to arouse students' learning initiative, to guide students to recite the poems, and to expand the students' learning horizon. In order to stimulate students' interest in learning ancient poetry, cultivate students' ability to inherit and develop ancient poetry, and then meet the needs of students' diversified learning, improve students' comprehensive ability of Chinese. In the part of practical application, the teaching design is demonstrated by the example of "read the Nujiao Red Cliff" in the required Chinese textbook of the Su Education Edition. Taking du Fu's poems as an example, this paper designs the activities of ancient poems.
【学位授予单位】：喀什大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3
本文编号：2408316
[Abstract]:The Chinese curriculum standard of senior high school requires promoting the overall development of Chinese core accomplishment as the ultimate goal of Chinese subject. Chinese core literacy includes language construction and application, thought development and promotion, aesthetic appreciation and creation, cultural inheritance and understanding. In Chinese teaching, from the setting of teaching objectives to the design of evaluation standards, all of them are devoted to the all-round development of students. From the accumulation of "three hundred poems" to the emergence of "small words", ancient poetry carried the excellent culture and traditional national spirit of the Chinese nation. Ancient poetry, which has been circulating in China for thousands of years, is the key teaching text to cultivate and promote the core accomplishment of Chinese. Students in senior high school are in an important period of rapid and mature development, both physically and psychologically. The ancient poems contain endless spiritual power and condense the excellent cultural knowledge of predecessors. Is the guidance student growth and the development fine model. Developing and inheriting poetry culture in teaching and absorbing the spiritual power of ancient poetry in learning is the focus of contemporary educators' thinking and research. Based on the main theories of "Xingfa moving" theory, including three levels and evaluation criteria, this paper analyzes the teaching examples of Ye Jiaying's lecture teaching and the guidance of "Xingfa moving" theory. From the poet's writing and the reader's reading two aspects to study the high school ancient poetry teaching. Using interviews to investigate teachers and students in senior high school, using context analysis and literature analysis to study the teaching cases of ancient poetry in senior high school. This paper comprehensively analyzes the part of ancient poetry in the college entrance examination of Jiangsu Province from 2010-2016, and clarifies the problems in the teaching of ancient poetry in contemporary senior high school, such as the lack of systematic appreciation strategy, the loss of traditional reading methods, the solidification of students' learning methods, and so on. In the strategy research of improving the present situation of the teaching of ancient poetry in senior high school, the main task is to perfect the appreciation strategy and optimize the teaching method from the two aspects of teachers' teaching and students' learning. It is suggested that setting up situation to restore emotion and scenery in poetry in classroom teaching, guiding students to combine their life experience with associative thoughts and poems, to arouse students' learning initiative, to guide students to recite the poems, and to expand the students' learning horizon. In order to stimulate students' interest in learning ancient poetry, cultivate students' ability to inherit and develop ancient poetry, and then meet the needs of students' diversified learning, improve students' comprehensive ability of Chinese. In the part of practical application, the teaching design is demonstrated by the example of "read the Nujiao Red Cliff" in the required Chinese textbook of the Su Education Edition. Taking du Fu's poems as an example, this paper designs the activities of ancient poems.
【学位授予单位】：喀什大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3
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