初中数学概念教学现状的调查研究

发布时间：2019-07-07 20:54

【摘要】：随着科技的发展和社会的进步,各行各业对高素质人才的需求越来越多也越来越急迫,培养高素质的人才已经成为当今教育的首要任务。数学教育是人才培养的重要方面。在数学基础教育中,数学概念是一切基础理论的基石。数学概念在学生理解和掌握数学的基本原理、基本规律过程中扮演着极其重要的角色。因此,数学概念的教学成为数学基础教育的重中之重。然而,在现阶段的数学概念课堂教学和学习中还存在许多问题。在数学概念的教学中,许多教师对数学概念所具有的高度抽象性和概括性认识不足,对中学数学概念体系没有全面了解,或者概念教学的方法单一,对学生如何学习数学概念缺乏正确和及时的引导;在数学概念的学习方面,由于中学生年龄结构的特点,其抽象思维能力正处于逐步发展阶段,学生在学习数学概念时普遍存在着认识不深刻、不准确、不清晰、不牢固和不灵活等问题,导致在后续的学习中对数学定理、定义理解不深或出现偏差,机械记忆概念或生搬硬套的现象普遍存在。长此以往,严重影响到学生的问题分析能力、解决能力的提高,对其他学科的学习也造成了障碍。因此,如何更好地解决这一问题是摆在教育研究者面前的一个重要而紧迫的课题。本文采用现代教育研究方法,以初中数学教学为切入点,利用问卷调查和访谈的方法来了解初中数学概念教与学的实际情况,从教师和学生两个层面寻找问题的症结所在,并深入分析造成这些问题的原因,探索解决该问题的方法,并根据数学概念的教育教学理论和实际,提出了“启、展、内、抽、用”五位一体的数学概念教学方法。全文共分六部分。第一部分,绪论。阐述了论文研究的背景、目的、意义以及数学概念教学的研究现状。第二部分,研究的内容及方法。介绍了本文所采用的文献研究方法、问卷调查法和访谈法等方法,介绍了研究的内容和对象。第三部分,初中数学概念教学的相关研究。本部分介绍了与数学概念教学相关的基本研究,论述了数学概念的含义、特征、学习方式及教学方式。第四部分,初中数学概念教学现状的调查结果与分析。介绍了初中数学概念教学现状的问卷调查结果和访谈结果。对调查数据进行了整理和统计分析,明确了初中数学概念教与学中所存在的各种问题,并对问题进行了深入分析。第五部分,提出“启、展、内、抽、用”五位一体数学概念教学方法。依据调查结果分析,结合初中生认知结构的特点及数学概念的教学原则,本文提出了针对初中数学概念教学的新方法,即“启、展、内、抽、用”五位一体的教学方法,并给出了案例设计。第六部分,总结与展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and the progress of society, the demand for high-quality talents in various industries is more and more urgent, and the cultivation of high-quality talents has become the primary task of education. Mathematics education is an important aspect of talent training. In the basic education of mathematics, the concept of mathematics is the cornerstone of all basic theories. Mathematical concepts play an extremely important role in students' understanding and mastering the basic principles and laws of mathematics. Therefore, the teaching of mathematical concepts has become the most important thing in basic mathematics education. However, there are still many problems in the classroom teaching and learning of mathematical concepts at the present stage. In the teaching of mathematical concepts, many teachers lack a high degree of abstraction and general understanding of mathematical concepts, do not have a comprehensive understanding of the mathematical concept system in middle school, or a single method of concept teaching, and lack of correct and timely guidance on how students learn mathematical concepts. In the learning of mathematical concepts, because of the characteristics of middle school students' age structure, their abstract thinking ability is in the stage of gradual development. When students learn mathematical concepts, there are many problems, such as not deep understanding, inaccurate, unclear, not firm and inflexible, which leads to the phenomenon of not deep understanding or deviation of mathematical theorem, mechanical memory concept or rigid set in subsequent learning. In the long run, it has seriously affected students' problem analysis ability and improved their ability to solve problems, and has also caused obstacles to the study of other subjects. Therefore, how to better solve this problem is an important and urgent issue for educational researchers. This paper adopts the modern educational research method, takes the junior middle school mathematics teaching as the breakthrough point, uses the questionnaire survey and the interview method to understand the actual situation of the junior middle school mathematics concept teaching and learning, from the teacher and the student two levels to find out the crux of the problem, and deeply analyzes the causes of these problems, explores the methods to solve this problem, and according to the mathematics concept education and teaching theory and practice, puts forward "open, expand, inside, draw, Using the "five-in-one" mathematical concept teaching method. The full text is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction. This paper expounds the background, purpose, significance and research status of mathematical concept teaching. The second part, the content and method of the study. This paper introduces the methods of literature research, questionnaire survey and interview, and introduces the contents and objects of the study. The third part, junior high school mathematics concept teaching related research. This part introduces the basic research related to the teaching of mathematical concepts, and discusses the meaning, characteristics, learning methods and teaching methods of mathematical concepts. The fourth part, the investigation result and analysis of the present situation of mathematics concept teaching in junior middle school. This paper introduces the results of questionnaire survey and interview on the present situation of mathematics concept teaching in junior high school. This paper collates and statistically analyzes the survey data, clarifies all kinds of problems existing in the teaching and learning of mathematics concepts in junior middle school, and makes a deep analysis of the problems. The fifth part puts forward the teaching method of five-in-one mathematical concept. According to the analysis of the investigation results, combined with the characteristics of the cognitive structure of junior high school students and the teaching principles of mathematical concepts, this paper puts forward a new teaching method for junior middle school mathematics concept teaching, that is, "open, expand, draw, draw and use" five-in-one teaching method, and gives the case design. The sixth part, summary and prospect.
【学位授予单位】：长春师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.6

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