台湾地区大学生人格与心理健康现况研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 09:31

本文关键词： 大学生人格心理健康赖氏人格量表布麦氏量表贝克氏情绪量表特质外向-内向感觉-直觉思维-情感判断-感知焦虑绝望忧郁自杀　出处：《华东师范大学》2008年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 本研究为了从不同的角度完整的对人格作了解,因此人格测量的工具除了运用特质论的赖氏(YG)人格量表之外,同时运用类型论的MBTI人格量表,又以Beck情绪量表评估大学生的心理健康状况,所得研究结果如下: 特质人格测验;台湾地区大学生在赖氏人格量表十二个分量表在男女性别比较结果,显示有七个分量表达显著差异,由平均数分析,男生显著高于女生的分量表有活动性、攻击性、女生高于男生的分量表有客观性、协调性、变异性、自卑感、神经质。在内外向性、社会适应性及情绪稳定等三个因素分析结果,台湾地区男性显著比女性情绪稳定,女性显著比男性有较高的社会适应,而内外向性因素未达显著差异。类型人格测验;台湾地区大学生在MBTI人格量表的16类型分析结果,人口比例最高的是ENFP,次之INFP,再次之ISTJ,研究样本的人口比例最低的是INFJ,次低ESTP,再次低INTJ。在台湾地区、大陆和两者总数的比较分析,16类型人口分布比例均达显著差异水平,表示各项分布不均,而以人口分布比例的排序而言,台湾地区、大陆与美国的前三排序及后三排序或其它项目的排序比较,结果差异不大,尤其是大陆与美国更接近些,台湾地区与大陆仍然看到较多差距,而两岸总数与美国比较差距相对小。因此,以MBTI作为中国人的测量工具而言,是具一定的效度的。台湾大学生的MBTI的四维度人口分布比例,内向(I)的人口比例显著高于外向(E),思维(T)人口比例显著高于情感(F)的比例,但感觉一直觉(S-N)、判断-感知(J-P)的人口比例并未显著悬殊,在性别的比较上,E-I、T-F的两个维度达显著的差异。贝克氏(Beck)情绪量表包括焦虑情绪量表(BAI)、忧郁情绪量表(BDI)、自杀量表(BSS)以及三个情绪分量表总分作为评估心理健康工具,由平均数得分显示,焦虑的平均数是9.05属于轻微程度(8-15分)、忧郁的平均数是10.66属于正常范围(0-13分),自杀平均数是2.22,分数极低,虽然如此,因为标准差的数值很高,所以必须注意研究样本中仍有情绪困扰者存在。性别的分析,结果显示女生的忧郁以及总分显著比男生高,而焦虑、自杀未达显著差异,焦虑及自杀在性别比较上虽未达显著差异,然平均数女生均高于男生。综合特质论及类型论作为预测情绪的复回归分析,以赖氏及基本属性作为预测变项,预测Beck情绪量表,结果显示E类型是最具预测指标,C类型及E类型对焦虑、忧郁、自杀及总得分达显著预测水平,此结果在大陆以及总样本数的分析结果亦同,除此,D类型对绝望具有显著预测水平。基本属性的预测中,性别属性对绝望、忧郁及总分具显著预测水平。台湾地区研究分析,以MBTI及基本属性作为预测变项,预测Beck情绪量表,结果显示E-I(外向-内向)最具预测指标,E-I维度对焦虑、忧郁、自杀及总得分,均具显著预测水平,此结果在台湾地区、大陆及总样本数的分析亦同。J-P(判断-感知)对台湾地区及总样本数的忧郁及自杀均具显著预测水平,性别对忧郁具显著预测水平,学系对自杀得分具显著预测水平。MBTI的E-I(外向-内向)是具高度预测水平与赖氏人格的内外向性结果前后呼应。以上从MBTI的预测结果,可以再度说明人类对事情的认知判断与情绪的关系,鉴于此对于Beck的认知行为治疗如何大受肯定,提出更有力的验证。总此,以人格的特质及类型研究结果,的确得到一些契合的结果,相异之处亦得到相当程度的相互补充。在两岸逐渐开放交流和解的当今,以此研究结果足以作为两岸对年轻人的相互了解。除此,就情绪研究结果亦当可初步提供海峡两岸的教育界及心理学界作为教育方针考虑及个案治疗专业的准备。
[Abstract]:In this study from different angles on the integrity of the personality, so the personality measurement tools in addition to the use of the characteristics of Lai (YG) outside the personality scale, while the use of type MBTI personality scale theory, mental health and Beck emotional scale assessment of college students, the results are as follows:
Trait personality test; college students in Taiwan in the Y-G twelve subscales in the gender comparison result showed significant difference expression of seven components, analyzed by the average number of boys higher than girls subscale of active, aggressive, girls than boys subscale of objectivity, consistency, variation of inferiority, neurotic. To at home and abroad, social adaptability and emotional stability of three factors analysis results, the Taiwan area men than women were significantly higher in female emotional stability, social adaptation than men, while extraversion factors did not show significant difference.
The type of personality test of college students in Taiwan; the results from the 16 type MBTI personality scale, the highest proportion of the population is ENFP, followed by INFP, again ISTJ, the proportion of population research sample is the lowest in INFJ, low ESTP, low INTJ. again in the Taiwan area, the total number of mainland and comparative analysis of the 16 types the distribution of population proportion reached significant level, the uneven distribution and population distribution proportion ranking, Taiwan area, compared to mainland China and the United States in the three and three ranking after sorting or other project scheduling, the difference is not big, especially in mainland China and the United States closer, the Taiwan area and the mainland still see more gap, and the total number of cross-strait comparison with the United States relatively small gap. Therefore, using MBTI as a tool to measure the Chinese, is a valid. The four dimension of population distribution proportion of college students in Taiwan MBTI, introversion (I The proportion of population is significantly higher than that of extroversion (E), and the proportion of thinking (T) is significantly higher than that of F (S-N). However, the proportion of T (J-P) is not significantly different. On the gender comparison, E-I and T-F have significant differences.
Becker (Beck) emotion scale including anxiety scale (BAI) and Depression Scale (BDI), Dutch act scale (BSS) and three emotional subscale score as the mental health assessment tool, shown by the average score, the average number of anxiety is 9.05 belong to slight degree (8-15 points), average the number of blue is 10.66 belong to the normal range (0-13 points), 2.22 is the average number of very low scores Dutch act, though, because numerical standard deviation is very high, so there must be noticed that there is still emotional distress. The study sample analysis results show that female gender, depression and scores are significantly higher than boys, and anxiety, Dutch act no significant difference in anxiety and Dutch act gender comparison although no significant difference, but the average number of girls are higher than boys.
The comprehensive qualities and type theory as multiple regression analysis to predict emotional, Lai and basic attributes as predictive variables, predicting Beck emotional scale, the results showed that E type is the most predictive index, C type and E type of depression, anxiety, and total score of Dutch act significantly predict the level, this results in the total number of samples, and the results are the same, in addition to this, D has significant prediction on the type of despair. The basic attribute prediction, gender attribute of despair, depression and score level was predicted.
Analysis on Taiwan area in MBTI, and the basic attributes as predictive variables, predicting Beck emotional scale, the results showed that E-I (E-I) the most predictive index, the E-I dimension of anxiety, depression, and Dutch act total score are significantly predicted, this results in the Taiwan area, analysis, and the total number of samples the same.J-P (J-P) depression and Dutch act in Taiwan area and the total number of samples were significantly predicted, with significant gender to predict depression, Department significantly predict the level of.MBTI of E-I Dutch act score (E-I) is with high prediction level before and after the outside and Lai personality to the above echo. The predicted results from the MBTI, can again on things that human cognitive judgment and emotional relationship, in view of this to cognitive behavioral therapy Beck was sure, presented more powerful.
This total, characteristics and types of personality in the results, do get some fit results, the differences are quite complementary degree. The two sides are gradually opening up the results of this study, as for young people on both sides to understand each other. In addition, the emotion research results when initially providing education community and psychology of both sides of the Straits as a treatment for education policy and consider the case professional preparation.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：B844.2

【引证文献】